نتایج جستجو برای: internal exposure

تعداد نتایج: 534255  

Journal: :Environmental Health Perspectives 2000
H A Barton H J Clewell

Alternatives for developing chronic exposure limits for noncancer effects of trichloroethylene (TCE) were evaluated. These alternatives were organized within a framework for dose-response assessment--exposure:dosimetry (pharmacokinetics):mode of action (pharmacodynamics): response. This framework provides a consistent structure within which to make scientific judgments about available informati...

Journal: :Journal of virology 1994
Q Li A G Yafal Y M Lee J Hogle M Chow

Antisera were raised against peptide sequences that are normally internal in the poliovirus virion. These antisera contain neutralizing activity, but this neutralizing activity is dependent on coincubation of the virus and antisera at 37 degrees C. Immunoprecipitation analyses demonstrate that the neutralization is due to exposure of these normally internal sequences at 37 degrees C and subsequ...

2013
Christopher Busby

In this chapter, there is insufficient space to exhaustively review the research which has been carried out on internal radionuclide effects. I hope only to highlight evidence which shows that internal radionuclides cannot be assessed by the current radiation risk model, and to suggest some research directions that may enable a new model to be developed, one which more accurately quantifies the...

Journal: :International journal of hygiene and environmental health 2012
Bert Morrens Liesbeth Bruckers Elly Den Hond Vera Nelen Greet Schoeters Willy Baeyens Nicolas Van Larebeke Hans Keune Maaike Bilau Ilse Loots

BACKGROUND Environmental justice research suggests that inequalities in the distribution of environmental exposure to chemical pollution systematically disadvantage the lower social strata of society. The effects of these inequalities on the human exposure to pollution are however to a large extend unknown. The purpose of this study is to assess social gradients in human biomonitoring results o...

2011
Tae Young KONG Hee Geun KIM Sang Jun HAN Goung Jin LEE

In a Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR), most internal radiation exposure is attributed to tritium. Carbon-14 is not a dominant nuclide in the radiation exposure of workers, but it is one of the potential nuclide that needs to be monitored. Carbon-14 is a low energy beta emitter and passes relatively easily into the body of workers by inhalation because its dominant chemical form is radioac...

2014
Masaharu Tsubokura Shigeaki Kato Shuhei Nomura Stuart Gilmour Masahiko Nihei Yu Sakuma Tomoyoshi Oikawa Yukio Kanazawa Masahiro Kami Ryugo Hayano

Maintaining low levels of chronic internal contamination among residents in radiation-contaminated areas after a nuclear disaster is a great public health concern. However, the efficacy of reduction measures for individual internal contamination remains unknown. To reduce high levels of internal radiation exposure in a group of individuals exposed through environmental sources, we performed car...

Journal: :Journal of environmental radioactivity 2013
Georgy Malinovsky Ilia Yarmoshenko Michael Zhukovsky Vera Starichenko Makar Modorov

Model describing the biokinetics of strontium for murine rodent is suggested. The model represents modification of the ICRP model for reference human with reduced number of compartments: Blood, Gastrointestinal tract, Soft tissues, Skeleton, Urinary bladder. To estimate transfer rates of the model the published experimental data on strontium retention in body of laboratory and wild mice were an...

2009
Nunzia Linzalone Fabrizio Bianchi

A contribution to the research on the relationship between exposure to ambient pollutants and diseases comes from human biomonitoring data collection and interpretation. The 21 biomonitoring studies reviewed are mainly aimed at providing either information on exposure amongst worker subgroups, serving as a reference, or information on the relationship between exposure and toxicity. Attention wa...

Journal: :Physics in medicine and biology 2010
R Kramer V F Cassola H J Khoury J W Vieira V J de Melo Lima K Robson Brown

Female and male adult human phantoms, called FASH (Female Adult meSH) and MASH (Male Adult meSH), have been developed in the first part of this study using 3D animation software and anatomical atlases to replace the image-based FAX06 and the MAX06 voxel phantoms. 3D modelling methods allow for phantom development independent from medical images of patients, volunteers or cadavers. The second pa...

2007
Mary Anne Evans Sally MacIntyre George W. Kling

Using field experiments and mathematical models, we tested whether internal waves enhance photosynthesis as they move phytoplankton through a nonlinear light field in situations where photosynthesis is light limited. Phytoplankton circulated at depths mimicking isotherm displacement for moderate wind speeds had elevated photosynthetic rates compared to static incubations. Experiments and modeli...

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