background: happiness as one of the main positive health indicators has drawn more attention in recent years among policy makers and health system managers. there are few studies performed to measure happiness in population-based settings in iran. in response to this need, our study tends to assess iranians subjective happiness in tehran, capital city of iran. m aterials and methods: present st...

A recent paper has identified the tumor suppressor APC as a linker protein between intermediate filaments and microtubules. In the absence of APC, intermediate filaments collapse and the cells are no longer polarized and fail to migrate.

Vimentin intermediate filaments move bi-directionally along microtubules in the cell. Recent work has identified the microtubule motor cytoplasmic dynein as the missing inward-directed motor that drives this movement.

Given the fact that developing an intimate relationship between teacher and students creates a safe learning environment (Harran, 2006), and because teacher immediacy is proved to increase students’ motivation for learning (Velez & Cano, 2008), this study was an attempt to explore the relationship between Iranian EFL learners’ perceived teacher immediacy and their willingness to communicate (WT...

The present study sought to investigate whether there is any difference between topicalization processes in English and Persian structures among EFL learners.50 female students of Jahad Daneshgahi English Language Institute in Qazvin participated in this study. All of the participants were native speakers of Persian studying in Jahad Daneshgahi English Language Institute in Qazvin, Iran. The pa...

Macro measurement is a long and arduous process that impinges upon the system of national accounts. The challenge it raises is driven by the demand of economic policy. In present time the need will arise with sustainable growth that mixes environmental concern and development policy. It calls for no less than a sea change in national accounting, from a system of income and expenditure accounts ...

Typical isolated energy-conserving systems, including three-dimensional Euler turbulence, approach thermodynamic equilibrium, which is the most disordered state of system. However, as shown in this paper, two-dimensional (2D) turbulence remains out with asymptotic more ordered than intermediate state. We quantify order using a unique measure called hydrodynamic entropy. The final 2D exhibits co...