introduction: interleukin-2 (il-2) as a t helper type 1 (th1) cytokine has an important role background and objective: interleukin-2 (il-2) as a t helper type 1 (th1) cytokine has an important role in activation, growth and differentiation of several immune cells. moreover il-2 is known as a pro-inflammatory and anti-tumoral cytokine. in addition deysregulation of il-2 in some diseases such as ...

Background: Several biological and medical benefits of Saffron, Crocus sativus (Iridaceae), have been demonstrated. However, mechanisms of actions for purified constituents are greatly unknown. Objective: To examine the effects of Safranal, a main constituent of Saffron stigma, on cell viability and cytokine profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were examined. Methods: Effect...

Perfluorotributylamine/Pluronic F68 Stem-Emulsion (FC43se), which is a blood substitute, was assessed for its effectiveness on disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in the rat model. Rats were infused intravenously with 2.5 mg/kg of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (Escherichia coli 055:B5 lipopolysaccharide B) for four hours. At the same time, FC43se or normal physiological saline wa...

Inflammatory process is at the heart of artificial (artificial) purulent-inflammatory diseases soft tissues (APDST), which may lead to development phlegmon and abscesses site invasion within a three-day period. The study cytokine status rats with APDST allows us evaluate dynamics inflammation markers assess peculiarities pathological course in model inflammation. experiment was carried out on 1...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with barrier defects and microbial dysbiosis. The development progression of AD critically depends on the action type 2 immune cells mediators. However, identity these as well their chronological appearance in establishment are still elusive. This project aims to disclose kinetics cellular contributors responses AD, focusi...

BACKGROUND Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) have been reported to associate with pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, the role of IL-4 and IL-6 genetic polymorphisms in RA remains unknown. METHOD A total of 752 unrelated Chinese patients with RA and 798 healthy Chinese volunteers with no family histories of any autoimmune diseases were recruited. The promoter IL-4-...

background: salivary gland tumors are among malignancies that have high recurrence rate. immune responses in salivary gland tumors have not been well elucidated. t helper type 1 (th1) and th2 cytokines have been reported to play a role in the outcome of head and neck cancers. objective: to evaluate the serum levels of interferon gamma (ifn- γ), as the hallmark of th1 cytokines, and interleukin-...

Asthma is currently defined as a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. The central role of allergen-specific Th2 cells in the regulation of this mucosal airway inflammation has been highlighted. Hence, there is large interest in the therapeutic potential of an anti-Th2 cell approach. One of the strategies which has been developed, is to inhibit the effect of interleukin (IL)-4 or IL-5, ...

Objective(s): Inflammation is an immune response toward injuries. Although inflammation is healing response, but in some condition it will lead to chronic disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s and various cancer. Indonesian cassia (Cinnamomum burmanni C. Nees & T. Ness) known to contain coumarin, is widely used for alternative medicine es...