" Spoken language " is a field of natural language processing, which deals with transcribed speech utterances. The processing of spoken language is much more complex and complicated than processing standard, grammatically correct natural language , and requires special treatment of typical speech phenomena called " disfluencies " , like corrections , interjections and repetitions of words or ph...

the necessity of conducting more studies addressing the development of pragmatic profciency and strong pragmatic awareness for english language learners has made the role of instruction and feedback in teaching pragmatic knowledge of utmost importance. the present study evaluates the relative effectiveness of four types of instruction for teaching some pragmatic markers including topic change m...

The current study tests whether individuals ( n = 53) produce distinct speech adaptations during pre-scripted spoken interactions with a voice-AI assistant (Amazon’s Alexa) relative to those human interlocutor. Interactions crossed intelligibility pressures (staged word misrecognitions) and emotionality (hyper-expressive interjections) as conversation-internal factors that might influence parti...

The present paper takes an interactional approach to the problem of communicating pain. We ask how a shared understanding this subjective and internal experience is accomplished. focus on multimodal features pain displays way they emerge progress at micro level turn construction sequence organisation within health care interactions. setting study family doctor-patient primary consultations. Usi...

Teaching and learning have gone online in response to the pandemic, which reveals need for accurately tailored educational assessments ascertain extent outcomes or objectives are achieved. Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) is a technology-driven form of assessment that tailors items candidate's ability level with empirically proven benefits over fixed-form computer based test. A systematic review...

Natsume Fusanosuke is one of the founding critics manga that pioneered a style formal analysis in 1990s. Natsume’s first important foray into his “theory expression” (hyōgenron) was seen collaborate work, Manga no yomikata (How to read manga) 1995. He later streamlined those ideas twelve-episode series wa naze omoshiroi ka: sono bunpō hyōgen (Why so interesting?: Its grammar and expression) for...

The article explores epistemic nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs that convey different levels of confidence/uncertainty. material the study was a selection fiction texts modern English literature for 1 million words. nature words used to indicate certainty / uncertainty is studied. Epistemicity defined as property manifest properties calculated ratio number (EW) total indicating in according...

Phonemes with restricted distribution represent an interesting analytic challenge. Well-known sources include the adoption of certain phonemes from other languages in borrowed words, emerging phonemic splits, and special phonological subsystems (e.g. ideophones). This paper aims to widen our conception such marginal phonemes, by incorporating another source: specific vocal gestures called into ...

The research focuses on the linguistic characteristics of female characters' speech in contemporary British television series Why Women Kill and peculiarities creating psycholinguistic images characters accordance with corresponding film archetypes. scientific novelty study lies fact that it attempts to analyze series, thus determines originality significance this study. This contributes enlarg...

Writing style change detection models focus on determining the number of authors documents with or without known authors. Determining exact contributing in writing a document particularly when contribute short texts form sentence is still challenging because lack standardized feature sets able to discriminate between works Therefore, task identifying best set for all tasks considered important....