OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to develop a simpler method to measure severely reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for patients with a GFR below 30 mL/min. METHOD The GFR was measured in 24 patients using both the 51Cr EDTA slope-intercept method (the conventional method) and 99mTc-DTPA with our proposed simpler GFRn method. RESULTS The correlation coefficient was 0.92 between...

There are conflicting reports on the reproducibility of the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the modified Borg scale for the estimation of breathlessness during exercise. In an attempt to clarify the situation, two groups of healthy subjects undertook a progressive exercise test either daily (Group A) or weekly (Group B) on 10 separate occasions. Breathlessness was estimated every 1 min using th...

SPLIT is a simple prototype Lawful Interception software system which is used to evaluate the viability of using both standard network cards and specialised monitoring hardware for the purpose. Lawful Interception requires reliable packet capture, filtering and protocol analysis on high bandwidth links. While standard NICs can take on these various roles, their performance is only adequate in c...

TsinghuAeolus is the champion team for the latest two RoboCup simulation league competitions. While our binary and nearly full source code for RoboCup 2001 had been publicly available for the entire year, we won the champion again in Fukuka, with more obvious advantage. This paper describes the key innovations that bring this improvement. They include an advice-taking mechanism which aims to im...

The aim of this study was to identify the most significant stand parameters affecting net forest precipitation and interception loss in Scots pine stands and to develop multiple linear regression models (MLR) that can be used for practical purposes to predict net forest precipitation and interception rates in northern Germany using forest inventory data and gross precipitation. In the model, th...

Reaching movements towards an object are continuously guided by visual information about the target and the arm. Such guidance increases precision and allows one to adjust the movement if the target unexpectedly moves. On-going arm movements are also influenced by motion in the surrounding. Fast responses to motion in the surrounding could help cope with moving obstacles and with the consequenc...

-Lightning protection air terminals are placed on structures and other grounded objects with the purpose of capturing the lightning stroke. A well estimation of the lateral protection distance is crucial in predicting the protection area of the lightning rod. This paper focus on a 3-D numerical modelling of lightning attachment based on physical phenomena leading to the formation and the develo...

From an object-oriented programming perspective, an important class of aspects (in the sense of aspect-oriented programming) can be modelled via method call interception (MCI). This concept allows us to intercept transitions from a caller to a callee in a way that extra functionality can be superimposed on the actual method call. We describe fundamental language constructs for MCI. The style of...

Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry has been used to study the temperature and deuterium isotope effects on the methyl cation transfer reaction between protonated dimethyl ether and dimethyl ether to produce trimethyloxonium cation and methanol. From the temperature dependence of this bimolecular reaction it was possible to obtain thermodynamic information concerning the...