the difficulty of assessing the writing skill is well known. different testing facets seem to affect the result of assessing the writing skill. in addition to the writer’s ability, the topic of the writing task, and methods of rating may contribute to the writer’s score. in this study, 50 efl learners wrote four different types of writing tasks (convincing, describing, instructing, and explaini...

Vapor-liquid equilibrium in NH3-CO2-H2O system at high pressures has been studied. The UNIQUAC-NRF model for this system was extended by using the Goppert 4 maurer reported datas. Since the system contains molecules and ionic species the binary interaction parameters considered, where those are of molecule-molecule, molecule-ion and ion-ion types. These interaction parameters are taken as c...

there is growing evidence that lectin-carbohydrate interactions can mediate the infection of parasites to their insect vector. many insect species are host or vectors of protozoan or metazoan parasites that cause socially and economically important disease such as malaria and leishmaniasis. however, relatively little work has been undertaken concerning the interaction of insect immunity against...

The Interaction Network Ontology (INO) has been demonstrated to be valuable in providing a structured ontological vocabulary for literature mining of gene-gene interactions from biomedical literature. Our analysis of the Learning Logic in Language (LLL) challenge and vaccine datasets showed that many interactions are signaled with 2 or more interaction keywords used in combination. In this pape...

Ignet (Integrative Gene Network) is a web-based system for dynamically updating and analyzing gene interaction networks mined using all PubMed abstracts. Four centrality metrics, namely degree, eigenvector, betweenness, and closeness are used to determine the importance of genes in the networks. Different gene interaction types between genes are classified using the Interaction Network Ontology...

Background Diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) is a complex disease resulting from the interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Worldwide, T1DM epidemic represents an increasing global public health burden, and the incidence of T1DM among children has been rising with an overall incidence of ∼3% to 5% per year, and it is estimated that there are ∼65. 000 new cases per year in ch...