the aim of radiation therapy treatment planning is to achieve an optimal balance between delivering a high dose to target volume and a low dose to healthy tissues. in order to refrain any complications resulting from the dose to the surrounding normal organs, the role of treatment plan has been critically evaluated in term of how large the volume or mass of normal tissues exposed in the radiati...

It is well-known that the Gutenberg-Richter power law distribution has to be modified for large seismic moments, due to energy conservation and geometrical reasons. Several models have been proposed, either in terms of a second power law with a larger b-value beyond a cross-over magnitude, or based on a “hard” magnitude cutoff or a “soft” magnitude cut-off using an exponential taper. Since the ...

Pareto, Zipf and numerous subsequent investigators of inverse power distributions have often represented their findings as though their data conformed to a power law form for all ranges of the variable of interest. I refer to this ideal case as a strong inverse power law (SIPL). However, many of the examples used by Pareto and Zipf, as well as others who have followed them, have been truncated ...

We describe a discovery program, called UNIVAUTO (UNIVersals AUthoringTOol), whose domain of application is the study of language universals, a classic trend in contemporary linguistics. Accepting as input information about languages, presented in terms of feature-values, the discoveries of another human agent arising from the same data, as well as some additional data, the program discovers th...

Using Solvent Evaporating and Atomic Emission Spectrophotometric methods, the solubility of Li2CO3 in waterat 25°C was determined. Comparing the value of thermodynamic solubility product constant, Ksp(th),(Ksp(tn) = exp(—AG.ss/RT)) of the mentioned salt to the value which is obtained from the observed solubility,shnolL-1 , and activity coefficients, f+ and f, which are estimated upon the extend...

A customer in a service system and an outside observer (manager or designer of the system) estimate the system performance differently. Unlike the outside observer, the customer can never find himself in an empty system. Therefore, the sets of scenarios, relevant for the two at a given time, differ. So differ the meanings and values of the performance measures of the queue: expected queue lengt...

This paper presents a concept hierarchy-based approach to privacy preserving data collection for data mining called the P-level model. The P-level model allows data providers to divulge information at any chosen privacy level (P-level), on any attribute. Data collected at a high P-level signifies divulgence at a higher conceptual level and thus ensures more privacy. Providing guarantees prior t...

This study examined the implementation of Ghana’s child rights legislation (Children’s Act 560) in four districts in respect of the establishment of prescribed administrative and institutional structures, the service delivery procedures, and challenges. The data from the four districts (cases –studies) were analysed by thematic grouping of responses. The results showed that the established admi...