Filamentous fungi are a good source of hemicellulolytic enzymes for biomass degradation. Enzyme preparations were obtained as culture supernatants from 78 fungal isolates grown on wheat straw as carbon source. These enzyme preparations were utilized in the hydrolysis of insoluble wheat straw and corn fiber xylan rich fractions. Up to 14% of the carbohydrates in wheat straw and 34% of those in c...

Germinated brown rice (GBR) is considered healthier than brown rice (BR) but its nutritive value has been hardly studied. Since nutritive quality of GBR depends on genetic diversity and germination conditions, six Ecuadorian BR varieties were germinated at 28 and 34 ºC for 48 and 96 h in darkness and proximate composition, dietary fiber fractions, phytic acid content as well as degree of protei...

We evaluated the relation of specific sources and components of fiber with diagnosis of distal colon (n = 531) or rectal (n = 159) adenomatous polyps or hyperplastic (n = 327) polyps in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We studied 16,448 men free of cancer or polyps in 1986, who underwent endoscopy in 1986-1994, and who provided diet and medical history. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% con...

Chronic exposure and postexposure experiments have been recently performed in rats to evaluate the biological responses of inhaled refractory ceramic fibers (RCF) at different concentration levels. The lung burden data in the accessory lobe of the rat lung were collected during and after different exposure and postexposure periods. The size distribution of retained fibers in the lung at differe...

Low crude protein, added insoluble fiber, and low acid-binding capacity diets, as well pharmacological zinc oxide (when applicable) are important nutritional strategies that can be used to maintain the gastrointestinal health of weanling pigs exposed Escherichia coli. Feed additives including probiotics, exogenous enzymes, egg yolk antibodies, spray-dried plasma, clays, medium-chain fatty acids...

The apple by-product is the remaining solid obtained after fruit processing, mainly constituted by insoluble dietary fiber. However, soluble fiber would be more desirable due to its positive health effects. simultaneous application of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), namely at 200, 400, and 600 MPa, for 15 30 min holding time, commercial enzyme Celluclast® (92 EGU) allowed a molecular weight ca...

This study evaluated the effects of including soluble and insoluble dietary fiber sources in soybean oil-containing diet for broiler chickens on coefficient apparent ileal digestibility (AID) amino acids, retention (AR) nutrients, nitrogen-corrected metabolizable energy (AMEn). A total 180 broilers were divided into 30 groups fed 3 diets from day 14 to 21 age. The corn–soybean meal containing 6...

In vitro B-glucan products were synthesized by digitonin-solubilized enzyme preparations from plasma membrane-enriched fractions of cotton (Cossypium hirsutum) fiber cells. The reaction mixture favoring &1,4-glucan synthesis included the following effedors: MgZ+, Caz+, cellobiose, cyclic-3’:5‘-CMP, and digitonin. The ethanol insoluble fraction from this reaction contained &1,4glucan and 8-1,3-g...

BACKGROUND Higher intake of dietary fiber is associated with lower risk of coronary heart disease, the leading cause of mortality among people with type 1 diabetes. The protective effect includes the anti-inflammatory properties of some foods. Population-based studies have shown an inverse association between some nutritional habits and high sensitive -C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). This study ai...

BACKGROUND Mechanistic hypotheses suggest a potential effect of dietary fiber on breast carcinogenesis through the modulation of insulin-like growth factor bioactivity, estrogen metabolism and inflammation. An association between dietary fiber intake and breast cancer risk has been suggested in epidemiological studies but remains inconclusive. In particular, data is lacking regarding the differ...