The insulin signaling pathway has been implicated in several physiological and developmental processes. In mammals, it controls expression of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl CoA Reductase (HMGCR), a key enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. In insects, which can not synthesize cholesterol de novo, the HMGCR is implicated in the biosynthesis of juvenile hormone (JH). However, the link between the insul...

AIMS To examine the magnitude of thromboplastin and coagulometer interactions on the precision of International Normalised Ratio (INR) values when the manufacturers' recommended instrument specific International Sensitivity Index (ISI) values are adopted for the INR calculation. METHODS The variability of INR values obtained from four automated phototopical coagulometers frequently used in No...

BACKGROUND Oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) is used to prevent/treat thromboembolism. Major bleeding is common in patients on OAT; eg, warfarin increases intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) risk. CASE A 71-year-old male on warfarin (to reduce stroke risk) presented at Accident and Emergency Minor Injuries Unit with headache after reportedly sounding 'drunk'. On triage, the patient appeared lucid an...

Introduction The health system in India suffers from low level of public spending and high out of pocket payment. Public health facilities are funded on a fixed and uniform basis irrespective of their needs and performance. The National Rural Health Mission has introduced an innovative approach of flexible financing to public health facilities under Untied Funds (UF), Annual Maintenance Grant (...

In spite of the abundant data on DNA sequence, the mechanical aspects of promoter DNA remain poorly understood. We classified 1871 human and 196 mouse RNA polymerase II promoters and investigated average flexibility profiles of the human promoters containing either a TATA box or an initiator (Inr) sequence only. Here, we show that TATA boxes and Inr sequences have a common anomalous mechanical ...

Introduction Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), a maternity protection scheme, aims to reduce maternal and infant mortality and to promote institutional delivery in India. It was started in 2005. Under JSY, pregnant mothers of poor, scheduled caste and tribes shall get financial benefits of INR 500 (USD 10.7) after completing three antenatal care visits; INR 150 (USD 3.2) to INR 350 (USD 6.4) for tr...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The effectiveness of prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) products available in the United States that contain low levels of factor VII (3-factor PCC) has not been tested. The purpose of this study was to review our experience with 3-factor PCC (Profilnine) in the setting of warfarin-associated intracranial hemorrhage (wICH). METHODS In November 2007, we implemented a ...

INTRODUCTION This study was carried out to determine the incidence of complication related to warfarin in patients with valve surgery and identify potential risk factors for complication and study its monitoring aspects. METHODS A combined retrospective and prospective observational study including a total of 185 patients who underwent mechanical valve replacement in Shahid Gangalal National ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of patients discharged with a subtherapeutic INR <1.8 using our institutions inpatient warfarin dosing nomogram following total joint arthroplasty (TJA). We examined predisposing risk factors for a subtherapeutic discharge (INR <1.8), including increased body weight, age, gender, end stage renal disease (ESRD), smoking, and peri-operativ...

Oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) has a well-established efficacy in prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic disorders. Because complications are related to intensity of OAT, optimal control of treatment is mandatory. In studies of OAT, as many as 30% of International Normalized Ratio (INR) measurements for prothrombin times fall outside the therapeutic interval. Preanalytical, analytical, a...