BACKGROUND Patients at times disagree with medical recommendations for religious reasons. Despite a lively debate about how physicians should respond to patients' religious concerns, little is known about how physicians actually respond. We explored the ways in which physicians interpret and respond to conflict between medical recommendations and patients' religious commitments. METHODS One-t...

The reliance on small samples and underpowered studies may undermine the replicability of scientific findings. Large sample sizes may be necessary to achieve adequate statistical power. Crowdsourcing sites such as Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) have been regarded as an economical means for achieving larger samples. Because MTurk participants may engage in behaviors which adversely affect data...

Neocybernetics, and specially the framework of elastic systems, gives concrete tools for formulating intuitions concerning complex systems. It can be claimed that a cybernetic system constructs a model of its environment, and it applies model-based control to eliminate variation in its environment. There exist various valuable control intuitions that are available for understanding cybernetic b...

An object-oriented modeling structure as utilized by Modelica is well suitable for the simulation of the dynamic behavior of parallel kinematic structures. Especially application of the simulation system DYMOLA based on this language enables an easy dynamics simulation of parallel kinematics up to creation of inverse models in the purpose of control. Based on the inverted simulation of closed l...

Suicide occurs relatively rarely under the age of 15 years, although prevalence is likely to be underestimated because of reluctance of coroners to assign this verdict. A large proportion of open verdicts (“undetermined cause”) are, in fact, suicides. Suicide rates are far higher in male than female adolescents. Until the past five or six years in England and Wales suicide rates were rising sub...

Till now, the only comprehensive history of the most famous asylum in the Englishspeaking world has been a rare volume produced by the hospital's one-time chaplain E G O'Donoghue, The story of Bethlehem Hospitalfrom itsfoundation in 1247, which was published in 1914.1 To coincide with the institution's 750th anniversary, Routledge have produced another one-volume history, the product this time ...

Explored the specific behavior of therapists contributing to a child client's perception of a therapeutic alliance with youth (n = 56) who received a manualized cognitive-behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. The first 3 sessions were coded for 11 therapist behaviors hypothesized to predict ratings of alliance. Child, therapist, and observer alliance ratings were gathered after the 3rd an...

Two mathematical models of social contingency are examined in terms of their development over the first year of life. The interactions of 53 mothers and their infants were recorded at 6 weeks, 4 months, and 12 months. The infants' gazes at 6 weeks, the mothers' vocal behavior at 6 weeks, and the vocal behavior of the mother and infant at 4 and 12 months were automatically coded in terms of four...

The current study explored the prediction of civic engagement by diverse trajectories of prosocial behaviors as well family dynamics (i.e., filial self-efficacy and relational parent-child support) across four times of assessment (from age 16-17 to age 22-23) during the transition to adulthood. Three different trajectories of prosocial behaviors were identified for 686 Italian youths: high-incr...