Activated polymorphonuclear leucocytes, which are accumulated in inflammatory lesions of inflammatory bowel disease, produce tissue destructive, oxygen derived free radicals and other inflammatory mediators. The PMN superoxide production elicited by formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine or the complement split product 5a were compared in IBD and healthy volunteers. Significantly reduced superox...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Cytokines play important roles in the pathophysiology of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis. Therefore, some effective measures to remove cytokines from the bloodstream could be effective in the treatment of SIRS and sepsis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytokine adsorptive property of various adsorbents for the purpose of the development of ne...

Foxp3-expressing regulatory T cells (Tregs) are central regulators of immune homeostasis and tolerance. As it has been suggested that proper Treg function is compromised under inflammatory conditions, seeking for a pathway that enhances or stabilizes Treg function is a subject of considerable interest. We report that interleukin (IL)-27, an IL-12 family cytokine known to have both pro- and anti...

Background Continuous treatment with azithromycin may lead to fewer acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), but little is known its impact on systemic and functional outcomes in real-life settings. Methods This was a multicenter prospective observational study patients severe COPD who started azithromycin. Tests were compared at baseline after 3 12 months treatmen...

The serum concentration of rat T1 kininogen increases 20-30-fold in response to acute inflammation. This increase, induced in the liver, is regulated primarily at the transcriptional level. In contrast, synthesis of a homologous K kininogen is not induced. In this study, we further analyzed a 321-base pair interleukin (IL)-6 response element in the T1 kininogen promoter and showed that it consi...

Undesirable and desirable effects of stressors on the body are assigned to distress and eustress, respectively. Immune system and brain are the most susceptible parts to stressful conditions, whereas long-lasting alterations in putative immune proteins involved in tension such as corticosterone (CORT), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) can impact learning and memory....

Our previous study reported that the change in the ratio of interleukin (IL)-6 to IL-10 influences the severity of sepsis in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. We evaluated the change in the ratio of IL-6 to IL-10 after administration of ketamine or propofol in endotoxin-exposed rats in order to evaluate the relationship of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines fo...

BACKGROUND Inflammatory cytokine concentrations correlate with severity of sepsis. We hypothesised that patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) would have greater interleukin 6 (IL-6) production due to activation of the inflammatory cytokine cascade, matched by a significant anti-inflammatory cytokine response. Interleukin ...

The clinical significance of serum procalcitonin (PCT) for discriminating between bacterial infectious disease and nonbacterial infectious disease (such as systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)), was compared with the significance of endotoxin, beta-D: -glucan, interleukin (IL)-6, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in a multicenter prospective study. The concentrations of PCT in patients wit...