BACKGROUND This study investigates the clinical features of strabismus in patients with general fibrosis syndrome (GFS) and the results of surgery performed on such patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of patients with GFS who visited our clinic at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between 1 August 1992 and 31 January 2002. After evaluating the family histories of 9 patients with ...

Eye muscle fibers can be divided into two categories: nontwitch, multiply innervated muscle fibers (MIFs), and twitch, singly innervated muscle fibers (SIFs). We investigated the location of motoneurons supplying SIFs and MIFs in the six extraocular muscles of monkeys. Injections of retrograde tracers into eye muscles were placed either centrally, within the central SIF endplate zone; in an int...

A case of exophthalmos with unilateral partial ophthalmoplegia affecting the inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles associated with a basal metabolic rate of -4 per cent. and mild general symptoms of thyrotoxicosis in a male aged 31 years is described. The effects and significance of 3 injections on successive days of 600 organon units (1,200 Schoeller urits) of the thyrotropic hormone of...

BACKGROUND This is a retrospective study to determine the outcomes of the surgical correction in long-standing infantile esotropia with cross fixation. METHODS Medical charts of a group of patients with esotropia who had cross fixation and underwent surgery for strabismus between January 1991 and December 2004 were reviewed. The mean follow-up time was 4.7 years. Binocularity was measured by ...

purpose: to evaluate the clinical findings and surgical management of patients with congenital unilateral double elevator palsy (dep) or monocular elevation deficiency (med) methods: in a non-comparative interventional case series, 27 consecutive cases of dep were studied. hypotropia, elevation deficiency, and pseudoptosis were corrected by knapp or callahan procedure with or without inferior r...