Agriculture plays a key role in economic development, alleviating poverty and malnutrition, especially the early stages of agricultural development. Several studies have demonstrated that neglecting agriculture, at industrialization, can disrupt process transformation. This paper reviews transformation Asia through framework proposed by Timmer (1988). It finds has followed uniform pattern with ...

Discovering latent representations of the observed world has become increasingly more relevant in the artificial intelligence literature [Hinton and Salakhutdinov, 2006, Bengio and Cun, 2007]. Much of the effort concentrates on building latent variables which can be used in prediction problems, such as classification and regression. A related goal of learning latent structure from data is that ...

Thanks to the many people from EPSRC ICT SAT, UKCRC Ubiquitous Grand Challenges, UK-UbiNet and others who have provided input to this.

The paper introduces asymmetric production conditions between firms and asymmetric transaction conditions between countries into the Murphy-Shleifer-Vishny model of industrialization. It explores a general equilibrium mechanism that generates circular causation loop that each firm's profitability and its decision of involvement in a network of industrial linkages and trade flows is determined b...

Because of the emission of larger amount of CO2, power generation from fossil fuel has resulted in serious environmental problems. Integrating dense mixed-conducting membranes (MCMs) into power cycles with CO2 capture has been considered as the most advanced technology for high efficiency and clean power production. This paper presents an update of MCMs development efforts, including the recent...

Urbanization in China has in part been subject to centrally planned control and in part has resulted from the pressures of industrialization and economic development. One of the major, if neglected, influences has been the social policies controlling internal migration and influencing urban-rural inequalities in income and social welfare. Urbanization poses continuing and growing challenges for...

The rapid industrialization of Asian developing countries has pushed the need for more energy at the cost of environmental degradation. Though large industries are targeted for energy conservation and pollution prevention, small and medium scale industries (SMI) also contribute to significant pollution. This paper discusses the role of SMI in the economy, its energy consumption and impact on th...

between proto-industrialization or industrialization and changes in opportunities for marriage. The standard historical argument was summarized a decade ago by D. E. C. Eversley (1965:45): the ability to marry was contingent, in pre-industrial societies, upon access to land in the peasant economy; in the cities guilds &dquo;were supposed to be powerful bars to marriage.&dquo; When the system br...

Major debates on the industrialization of agrarian economies view labor mobility—sectoral and spatial, from agriculture to industry and from villages and small towns to cities—as central to understanding the pace and nature of industrialization. Many see labor mobility as the result of the commercialization and capitalization of agriculture, which leads to an increasing number of peasants who a...