Paper-based microfluidics has recently received considerable interest due to their ease and low cost, making them extremely attractive as point-of-care diagnostic devices. The incorporation of basic fluid actuation and manipulation schemes on paper substrates, however, afford the possibility to extend the functionality of this simple technology to a much wider range of typical lab-on-a-chip ope...

A novel microdevice for passively mixing liquid samples based on surface tension and a geometrical mixing chamber is presented. Due to the laminar flow regime on the microscale, mixing becomes difficult if not impossible. We present a micromixer where a constantly changing time dependent flow pattern inside a two sample liquid plug is created as the plug simply passes through the planar mixer c...

The surface quasi-geostrophic (SQG) equations are a model for low-Rossby number geophysical flows in which the dynamics are governed by potential temperature dynamics on the boundary. The model can be used to explore the effect on transport of the transition from two-dimensional to three-dimensional mesoscale geophysical flows. On an f -plane with linear stratification, we examine the dynamics ...

The concentration dependence of the surface tension of single and mixed electrolyte aqueous solutions is studied, based on the assumption that the surface layer can be treated as a separate phase located between vapor and bulk liquid phases. The mean spherical approximation modified by Lu et al. [J.-F. Lu, Y.-X. Yu, Y.-G. Li, Fluid Phase Equilibria 85 (1993) 81–100] is used to calculate the act...

Electron columns confined magnetically in vacuum evolve in ðr; hÞ as N 10 field-aligned rods of charge, or point vortices. Neglecting discreteness, the column evolves as would vorticity in an inviscid, incompressible fluid, governed by the Euler equations. The macroscopic flow dynamics is readily imaged, including effects such as surface waves and inviscid damping, two vortex merger, and gradie...

the johor strait is an estuarine system located on the coast of the state of johor in malaysia.the western part of johor strait is a shallow estuarine located between causeway and pulai river. ahydrodynamic model was calibrated based on the environmental fluid dynamic code (efdc) from 4th to 17th of october, 2009. in this calibration, the efdc hydrodynamic model was configured to simulate time ...

Heritage languages (HLs) reliably exhibit morphological patterns prone to change and restructuring. Yet, American Norwegian appears be remarkably stable in terms of structure, although with some surface variability. Contact have nevertheless long been observed, where original English loanwords receive inflectional morphology. Although there is robust evidence for undergoing both variation langu...

In this study, the authors explore how vertical-mixing parameterizations influence the structure of zonal currents in the eastern equatorial Pacific using an isopycnal ocean model that contains an explicit surface mixed layer. The mixing parameterizations considered are the schemes that depend on the Richardson number (Ri). One of the schemes (the Step scheme) consists of high (nc) and low (nb)...

An experimental investigation of mixing mechanisms in a shock-induced instability flow is described. We obtain quantitative two-dimensional maps of the heavy-gas (SF6) concentration using planar laser-induced fluorescence for the case of a shockaccelerated cylinder of heavy gas in air. The instantaneous scalar dissipation rate, or mixing rate, χ , is estimated experimentally for the first time ...

When water from the surface, e.g. from a lake, fl ows down through porous carbonate rocks, through a region with high hydraulic conductivity and encounters the water table of a phreatic aquifer, both waters mix by diffusion along their boundary. In a carbonate aquifer, where both surface and phreatic waters are saturated with respect to calcite, mixing corrosion causes renewed dissolution capac...