Information has been obtained from the experimental transmission of infectious hepatitis to human volunteers (1 to 7) to indicate that the icterogenic agent, which is known to be in the blood and stools of patients during active stages of the disease, is filtrable and may be transmitted to human volunteers by feeding or by parenteral inoculation of infectious material. Although the exact nature...

Phylogenetic and recombination analysis was performed on 32 complete hepatitis E virus (HEV) genomes from infected humans and pigs. For the first time, evidence for recombination between divergent HEV strains was obtained, with at least two strains being found to have discordant phylogenetic relationships consistent with the occurrence of intragenotype recombination. This finding confirms that ...

The study of pattern of acute viral hepatitis (AVH) in children revealed that hepatitis A was most common in children (59.3%) followed by NANB hepatitis (29.7 %). A dual infection with hepatitis A and hepatitis B was present in 4.4% of cases. Hepatitis A was more commonly diagnosed in younger children (54.9%) while the frequency of NANB hepatitis increased with the advancing age. Liver function...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant problem among haemodialysis populations worldwide. 'Horizontal' cross-infection between patients can occur, predominately through direct environmental transmission of the virus. Current guidelines thus recommend universal barrier precautions, however they do not suggest using dedicated machines for HCV-positive patients to prevent the 'sequenti...

OBJECTIVE To describe the impact of a hepatitis A vaccination program for Indigenous children in north Queensland. DESIGN Enhanced surveillance of all notified cases of hepatitis A in north Queensland from 1996 to 2003. SETTING North Queensland; population, 596 500 people, including about 6900 Indigenous children aged under five years. INTERVENTIONS Hepatitis A vaccine was provided to Ind...

in the Arctic region, Copenhagen, Denmark, 22 23 March 2012 David FitzSimons, Brian McMahon, Greet Hendrickx*, Alex Vorsters and Pierre Van Damme Documentation and Communication, Office of Governing Bodies, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, USA; Viral Hepatitis Prevention Board (VHPB), Cent...

Non-travel-related hepatitis A is rare in Canada. We describe a hepatitis A outbreak investigation in British Columbia in February to May 2012 in which exposure history was collected from nine confirmed non-travel-related cases. Suspected foods were tested for hepatitis A virus (HAV): a frozen fruit blend was identified as a common exposure for six of the nine cases using supermarket loyalty ca...

Viral hepatitis and its acute and chronic complications continue to pose significant threats to the readiness of military personnel. Knowledge about the specific viral agents and their routes of transmission are important in developing prevention strategies. A recent analysis of hepatitis in the US Navy for the period 1975-1984 is reviewed. In order to better characterize the risk of viral hepa...

The hepatitis database contains the results of laboratory examinations taken on the patients of hepatitis B and C during 1982-2001, and recently was given to challenge data mining research. This paper presents our approach to two problems of distinguishing hepatitis B and C, and the relations between laboratory data and fibrosis stages. The approach is based on temporal abstraction and the visu...