The role of the auxins indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and of the auxin-interacting phytohormone ethylene, on the ectopic formation of primary xylem (xylogenesis in planta) is still little known. In particular, auxin/ethylene-target tissue(s), modality of the xylary process (trans-differentiation vs. de novo formation), and the kind of ectopic elements formed (metaxyl...

Somatic embryos and rooted plantlets have been regenerated from light-initiated embryogenic callus derived from mature embryos of Picea abies stored seeds. Under a 16 hour photoperiod, mature zygotic embryos were cultured on a modified half-strength Murashige-Skoog medium without NH4NO3 and supplemented with 5 mM glutamine, 4.5 pM N6-benzyladenine (BA) and 10.7 PM naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA) ...

In vitro shoot multiplication of Merton I. 793, a clonal apple rootstock, was achieved through terminal/axillary bud culture using Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 0.5-1.0 mg/L 6-benzyl amino purine (BA) and 0.1 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Time of collection of explants, duration of surface sterilents and growth regulators added in the medium influenced the survival...

Adventitious roots (ARs) are post-embryonic roots essential for plant survival and propagation. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is the auxin that controls AR formation; however, its precursor indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) is known to enhance it. Ethylene affects many auxin-dependent processes by affecting IAA synthesis, transport and/or signaling, but its role in AR formation has not been elucidated. ...

Salicylic acid (SA) is one of numerous phenolic compounds found in plants with numerous important physiological events. Exogenously application of Salicylic acid (SA) is useful for the growth and development of plants. This investigation aimed to study the improving effect of salicylic acid on the tissue culture of Ziziphus spina-christi. To study its improving effect were used shoot-tip explan...

This study establishes a protocol for the induction of somatic embryogenesis in Anthurium andraeanum cv. Eidibel. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized 5 x 5 x 5 factorial design using five explant types (whole leaves, half leaves; petiole; nodal segments and root segments) from in vitro plantlets; five auxins: indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), indole-...

The presence of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) as an endogenous auxin in Arabidopsis has been recently demonstrated. However, the in vivo role of IBA remains to be elucidated. We present the characterization of a semi-dominant mutant that is affected in its response to IBA, but shows a wild-type response to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the predominant and most studied form of auxin. We have named t...

In this study, we investigated the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) – auxins, gibberellin, cytokinin, abscisic acid, brassinosteroid, ethylene and their interaction with methyl jasmonate (JA-Me) applied to roots of the whole plants Kalanchoe blossfeldiana on the accumulation of anthocyanins in roots. The highest stimulation of anthocyanins synthesis was stated with application of JA-Me ...

An effective and improved plant regeneration system was successfully developed using shoot tip explants taken from a two years old mature plant of Cassia angustifolia. The effect of different cytokinins, [6-benzyladenine (BA), Kinetin (Kin) and thidiazuron (TDZ)] at different concentrations (0.5-10 μM) were evaluated as augmented with Murashige and Skoog (MS 1962) medium. Among all the cytokini...