Abstract This chapter reflects on the issues raised in volume. It examines specifically history of violence and ethno-religious purification nationalism. The deals with examples from Europe, Iran, India, China, showing some general patterns differences.

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) data were analyzed from eighteen taxa of Cupressus from the eastern hemisphere. The following fourteen taxa were distinct in their RAPDs: Cupressus assamica (India), C. atlantica (Morocco), C. austrotibetica (Tibet), C. cashmeriana (Bhutan), C. chengiana (Sichuan), C. darjeelingensis (India), C. duclouxiana (Yunnan), C. dupreziana (Algeria), C. funebris...

HbQ-India is a rare alpha chain variant that usually presents in the heterozygous state. Normally, HbQ-India is clinically silent. It becomes symptomatic when present in association with other conditions. We report a case of HbQ-India with concomitant presence of iron deficiency anemia. A 16-year-old female presented with weakness and pallor intermittently for six years. Complete blood count sh...

Hybrid tumors are very rare tumors composed of two different tumor entities, each of which conforms to an exactly defined tumor category. A 14-year-old boy was referred for an intraosseous painless lesion with a histopathological feature of multiple odontogenic lesions including calcifying odontogenic cyst, complex odontoma and ameloblastic fibro-odontoma. The final diagnosis considered to be a...

The two ancient civilizations of Iran and India, due to their long-standing cultural, political and economic relations, have had a relative cognition of each other's identity, which has, over time, become more logical, complete, and at times symbolic. Undoubtedly, in order to understand the history of Iran and India in ancient times and how these two nations interacted, we must inevitably find ...