This paper is grounded in the empirical reality of a growing use of informationand communication technologies (ICTs) in public administrations. Generally, ICTs are being introduced in an organization in order to increase operational efficiency, quality, and transparency. But, besides these intended effects, the introduction of ICTs also leads to substantial changes in the power relationships am...

Increasing the conductivity of polycrystalline zinc oxide fi lms without impacting the transparency is a key aspect in the race to fi nd affordable and high quality material as replacement of indium-containing oxides. Usually, ZnO fi lm conductivity is provided by a high doping and electron concentration, detrimental to transparency, because of free carrier absorption. Here we show that hydroge...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES There has been an increasing focus on the relationship between pediatric prescribers and the biomedical industry. There is a lack of research, however, on the biomedical industry's relationship with the professional medical associations (PMAs) of pediatric prescribers. We developed a systematic method to assess this relationship by evaluating PMA transparency and compl...

This paper provides a framework for understanding the explanatory power of intelligent systems. It looks at content-based enhancements, drawn primarily from the Expert Systems literature, interface-based enhancements, and the appropriate selection of an advisory strategy. Such enhancements contribute to explanatory power by increasing system transparency and flexibility, and lead to outcomes su...

Excellent dispersion of functionalized graphene (FG) sheets in polystyrene was achieved relying on the reaction of "living" poly(glycidyl phenyl ether) chains onto graphene sheets. The physical aging of polystyrene was substantially accelerated by the presence of FG sheets at low filler content, retaining film transparency and increasing the electrical conductivity.

It is customary for the outgoing President of AIS to publish a report in CAIS on the activities during his or her tenure and on future directions for the organization. This is such a report. On becoming President I was fortunate in finding an organization in good shape thanks to the excellent work of my predecessors. Consequently, AIS faced no immediate crises and it was possible to focus on so...

We examine the potential role of source code disclosure and open source code requirements in promoting technical improvements and increasing transparency of voting systems. We describe the “enclosure of transparency” of voting technology that has occurred over the course of United States’ electoral history, the implications that source code disclosure has for transparency, the negative effects ...

The perception of transparency in binocular vision presents a challenge for any model of stereopsis. We investigate here how well human observers cope with stereo transparency by comparing their efficiency between transparent and opaque depth judgments. In two experiments, the efficiency measure was computed relative to an ideal observer to take into account the larger correspondence ambiguity ...

Pressure-driven and temperature-driven transitions of two thermoresponsive polymers, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) and poly(N-vinylisobutyramide) (pNVIBA)), in both a soluble linear polymer form and a cross-linked hydro-gel form, were examined by a dynamic light-scattering method and direct microscopic observation, respectively. Their behavior was compared with that of protein systems. C...