Pooling data for 1905 to 2000, we find no systematic relationship between top income shares and economic growth in a panel of 12 developed nations observed between 22 and 85 years. After 1960, however, a one percentage point rise in the top decile’s income share is associated with a statistically significant 0.12 point rise in GDP growth during the following year. This relationship is not drive...

Photovoltaic (PV) power generation has an important role to play due to the fact that it is a green source. The only emissions associated with PV power generation are those from the production of its components. Increasing the efficiency in PV plants so the power generated increases is a key aspect, as it will increase the incomes, reducing consequently the cost of the power generated so it wil...

The relative rates of growth in the supply and demand for food, feed and fiber have far-reaching economic and social consequences, most readily observed through changes in commodity prices. Over the past 50 years and longer, the supply of food commodities has grown faster than the demand, in spite of increasing population and rising per capita incomes. As a consequence, the real (deflated) pric...

■ Abstract The consequences of the invention of DNA-based molecular techniques and their application to agriculture have been pervasive. This review examines the key consequences for farmers and the public. These include widespread commercial applications of agricultural biotechnology in a limited number of countries, a large private-sector investment in biotechnology research, significant econ...

There is evidence from several sources that one cannot treat manyperson households as a single decision maker. If this is the case, then factors such as the relative incomes of the household members may affect the final allocation decisions made by the household. We develop a method of identifying how "incomes affect outcomes" given conventional family expenditure data. The basic assumption we ...

Consider two principles for social evaluation. The first, ‘laissez-faire’, says that mean-preserving redistribution away from laissez-faire incomes should be regarded as a social worsening. This principle captures a key aspect of liberal political philosophy. The second, weak Pareto, states that an increase in each individual’s disposable income should be regarded as a social improvement. We sh...

In the last years, different techniques and models from statistical physics are being successfully applied to explain some real data observed in economy [1]. Concretely, it has been reported that western (capitalistic) economies can be divided into two distinct groups according to the incomes of people [2]. The 95% of the population, the middle and lower economic classes of society, arranges th...

We examine the effects of changes in the income distribution in an economy where agents’ utility depends both on consumption and on their rank in the distribution of conspicuous consumption. We introduce a new methodology to compare the behavior of agents that occupy the same rank in the two different income distributions but typically have different levels of incomes. Here, an increase in inco...

The Distribution of Full Income in Greece Non-cash incomes from either private or public sources can have substantial effects on the distribution of economic welfare. However, standard approaches to inequality measurement either neglect them or take into account only selected non-monetary items. Using data for Greece in the mid 2000s we show that it is possible to incorporate a comprehensive li...

BACKGROUND Primary health care is one of effective approaches for improving public health. Providing optimal cares requires supplication of various resources such as financial resources. "Fractions of incomes" in health centers is one of the remarkable problems for the domain of financial resources management in Iran. This study was aimed to identify bottlenecks and causes of fractions for inco...