BACKGROUND The application of Willingness To Pay (WTP) measurement with Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to medical services is gradually increasing. Knowing what influences WTP is an important matter because validity of CVM in medical services remains controversial. The objective of this survey is to measure WTP for the treatment of typical acute illnesses and to analyze the factors affecting...

In many countries, collectively financed health insurance systems or health services delivery systems (such as the NHS) exist. Typically, these institutions are financed via general taxes or specific contributions levied on earnings. As benefits are not dependent upon income, this implies a redistribution from high to low earners. An exception can be found in Switzerland, where equal per-capita...

We study the recent evolution of top incomes in Switzerland, analyzing both social security data on labor incomes and tax data on total income. The results show that in the last 20 years, the share of top incomes has risen, and the top 0.01% share even doubled, putting Switzerland similar to European countries for the top 1% group but closer to the U.S. for higher top incomes. However, top inco...

BACKGROUND To determine the gender-dependent association of socio-economic status variables with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the adult Saudi population. METHODS A total of 9164 adult Saudis (aged 18-70 years) were included in this cross-sectional study. Marital status, income, education, and occupation were used as socio-economic indicators while behavioral factor like phys...

A rapidly growing literature shows that consumers can be inattentive to complex or notfully-salient financial incentives. This literature typically estimates “the average mistake,” and uses representative agent models to analyze the economic implications. This paper shows, theoretically and empirically, that accounting for heterogeneity in mistakes is crucial in positive and normative analysis....

BACKGROUND Primary open angle glaucoma is reported to blind 150,000 people in the Nigerian population and over 7000 in Rivers State, and requires constant follow-up. Compliance is a challenge, given that most inhabitants live below the poverty line. This study was performed to determine how Nigerian patients are affected economically by the disease. METHODS Consecutive adult patients attendin...

We ask whether epidemic exposure leads to a shift in financial technology usage within and across countries if so who participates this shift. exploit dataset combining Gallup World Polls Global Findex surveys for some 250,000 individuals 140 countries, merging them with information on the incidence of epidemics local 3G internet infrastructure. Epidemic is associated an increase remote-access ...

Abstract We provide a critique of the standard methodology for inequality measurement, which makes welfare comparisons between households by deflating household income and consumption with an equivalence scale. argue that this leads to support tax/transfer policies significantly disadvantage low middle second earners—predominantly women. Its main limitations are it takes overly-simplistic appro...

Afghan refugees are one of the most vulnerable migrant groups in terms food insecurity status around world. We aimed to investigate association between protracted refugees' and its socio– economic determinants Mashhad, Iran. In a cross– sectional design, information was gathered through face– to– face interviews with 299 main income earners or his/her representative Golshar district, quantitati...

We assess income inequality across French and British colonial empires between 1920 1960, exploiting for the first time tax tabulations. As measured by top shares, was high in colonies. Europeans comprised bulk of earners, only a minority autochthons could compete income-wise. Top shares were no higher settlement colonies, those territories wealthier average European settler less rich than expa...