“Back-to-front interference”, “bleeding” and “show-through” is the name given to the phenomenon found whenever documents are written on both sides of translucent paper and the print of one side is visible on the other one. The binarization of documents with back-tofront interference with standard algorithms yields unreadable documents. This paper presents a fast entropy-based segmentation metho...

This article presents an approach for cross-language document comparison and for the visualisation of multilingual document collections. Document comparison usually relies on the calculation of the degree of lexical overlap between documents. As this is not possible for documents written in different languages, the contents of these documents first have to be mapped onto a language-independent ...

Through ACT (Annotated Corpora of Text) software package for lexical and corpus processing of European written cultural sources (currently used for processing of mediaeval Slavonic manuscripts) this work presents another step forward towards a contextual and intelligent heritage Information Technology framework. ACT is suitable for capturing characteristics of old written sources including rich...

this paper is part of a qualitative study that has surveyed the content element of curriculum in science education of iran and five other countries from a descriptive and a comparative view. therefore, all the documents about the study topics that were available in iran and the selected countries were gathered, described, interpreted, juxtaposed, and compared. the results showed that in studied...

frangibility and short life of textile in comparison to other cultural inheritances of iran led to disappearance of this precious object through the centuries. hence we must focus on other documents like written documents or visual representations to defining their essence. these records can demonstrate their materials quality, patterns, producing centers. the present research tries to investig...

In this study, it was intended to investigate the Persian native speakers’ perception of gerunds by three different elicitation techniques i.e., written, audio, and pictorial through translation. Eighty intermediate learners of English were asked to select Persian translation of the gerund formsin these elicitation techniques. They were asked to choose one option from a pair of written first la...

The mansion and gardens which John Hunter constructed as a country residence and biological research station at Earl's Court in London became in due course a private lunatic asylum for ladies, although the building's connexion with Hunter was not one which the later proprietors liked to publicize. A detailed history of the house has never been written, and it may be that the documents for such ...

Because of the different characteristics of Arabic language and Romance and Anglo Saxon languages, recognition of documents written in hybrid of these languages requires that the language of the text to be identified priori to the recognition phase. In this paper, three efficient techniques that can be used to discriminate between text written in Arabic script and text written in English script...

in this study, it was intended to investigate the persian native speakers’ perception of gerunds by three different elicitation techniques i.e., written, audio, and pictorial through translation. eighty intermediate learners of english were asked to select persian translation of the gerund formsin these elicitation techniques. they were asked to choose one option from a pair of written first la...