Introduction: The western hemisphere of Mars is dominated by topography associated with the Tharsis volcanic province. A range of models for the formation and/or evolution of this region have been proposed and include (1) dynamic support of topography by a large mantle plume [1,2], (2) regional uplift due to underplating of crustal material derived from the northern hemisphere [3], (3) uplift d...

BACKGROUND Candida biofilms, which are often associated with device-related infections, including catheter-related bloodstream infections, are resistant to commonly used antifungal agents. Current microtitre (96-well) plate-based methods to determine the antifungal susceptibility of these biofilms do not involve clinically relevant substrates (e.g. catheters), and are not well suited for evalua...

In paper industry, the measurement of paper surface topography is important for paper quality control. Noncontact and fast photometric stereo overcomes the disadvantages of the traditional surface topography measurement by the profilometer. In this paper, we present an improvement to three-light photometric stereo for paper surface topography reconstruction. Experiments comparing reconstructed ...

INTRODUCTION............................................................................ 59 Exciton Migration ............................................................................ 59 Energy Dissipation ............................................................................ 59 Pigment-Protein Complexes ............................................................................ 59 CO...

A simple model uses daily observations of precipitation and temperature at a nearby weather station to estimate glacier-average seasonal mass-balance components at South Cascade Glacier, Washington, USA, from 1935, 24 years before measurements began at the glacier. This is 13 years earlier than measurements that can be derived using the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis database (begins 1 January 1948). Alt...

The paper solves the problem of the nonexistence of a new method for calculation of dynamics of stress-deformation states of deformation tool-material systems including the construction of stress-strain diagrams. The presented solution focuses on explaining the mechanical behavior of materials after cutting by abrasive waterjet technology (AWJ), especially from the point of view of generated su...

A fundamental element of future generic pattern recognition technology is the ability to extract similar patterns for the same scene despite wide ranging extraneous variables, including lighting, turbidity, sensor exposure variations, and signal noise. In the process of demonstrating pattern constancy of this kind for retinex/visual servo (RVS) image enhancement processing, we found that the pa...

Process flow simulation TCAD tools are used in this chapter to show how the planar process converts the layout into the device and interconnect structures. A good test of the working knowledge of a new process engineer or even a circuit designer is to hand them a circuit layout and ask them to sketch the device cross section. This requires an understanding of the ordering and patterning various...

This paper describes a strategy for the fabrication of functional electronic components (transistors, capacitors, resistors, conductors, and logic gates but not, at present, inductors) that combines a single layer of lithography with angle-dependent physical vapor deposition; this approach is named topographically encoded microlithography (abbreviated as TEMIL). This strategy extends the simple...

Purpose. To evaluate effectiveness of simultaneous topography-guided photorefractive keratectomy and corneal collagen cross-linking in mild and moderate keratoconus. Methods. Prospective nonrandomized interventional study including 20 eyes of 14 patients with grade 1-2 keratoconus that underwent topography-guided PRK using a Custom Ablation Transition Zone (CATz) profile with 0.02% MMC applicat...