as bothepic and history express some stories of the past, their existing similaritiesand dissimilarities and their relation have attracted the attention of scholars.these two kinds of stories have been so similar that previous experts could notdistinguish the historical events from epics. in shāhnāme, as an excellent samplewhich iranians consider as their pre-islamic history until the last qaja...

in sacred text of the religion of yari, we are confronted with some emphasized moral principles which have been stated by the great men of this religion repeatedly. these moral principles are honesty, purity, inexistence and rada. this article attempts to study the root of the term of rada in yaresan literature. it specifies that the term rada in yaresan literature which means donation, generos...

there is no reference to the word “karimān” in garshaāp story in the avesta, pahlavi and persian zoroastrian texts. however, it can be found in the story of “rostam and sohrāb”, and “rostam and esfandiār” in the shāh-nāmeh. since the epic texts in other iranian languages are significant in shāh-nāmeh studies, the haft-lashkar manuscript and other texts in the gurani language are worth consideri...

Phenotypic differences in analgesic sensitivity to codeine (3-methoxymorphine) results from polymorphisms in cytochrome P450-2D6, which catalyzes O-demethylation of codeine to morphine. However, O-demethylation reportedly is not required for analgesic activity of the 7,8-saturated codeine congeners dihydrocodeine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone. This study determined the potency and efficacy of the...

The Know Your Customer (KYC) process is an integral part of client onboarding and requires banks to validate and verify primary documents. The market today, though, is flooded with KYC utilities that help manage these documents and share them with multiple entities, but they provide little value addition. Blockchain technology, with its concept of distributed, time-stamped ledgers, can effectiv...

Various normative decision theories are discussed in the context of fire risk management. A method suitable for practical decision making in respect to fire safety investments is presented and exemplified. The method involves the use of second-order probabilities to represent uncertainty regarding probability values. A discussion on the use of Bayes theorem in combination with decision analysis...

Introduction        Gāthic texts are a collection of religious songs of Zarothustra who lived about 1200 BC. Of the seventy two hāts (stanzas) of Yasna (one of the five chapters of Avesta), seventeen hāts belong to five Gāthas. These seventeen hāts have been classified into five categories based on their syllabic meter and the number of the song: 1) ahunavaiti, 2) ushtavaiti, 3)spanta.mainyu, ...