stem cells are self-renewing cells that can be differentiated into other cell types. conventional in vitro models for studying stem cells differentiation are usually preformed in two-dimensional (2d) cultures. the design of three-dimensional (3d) in vitro models which ideally are supposed to mimic the in vivo stem cells microenvironment is potentially useful for inducing stem cell derived tissu...

In vitro multiple shoot regeneration of Solanum nigrum L., an Indian medicinal plant was accomplished on MS medium utilizing shoot tip and nodal explants. Direct multiple shoots differentiated within 6 weeks when explants were cultured on MS medium containing BAP (1.0-5.0 mg/l) and KIN (1.0-5.0 mg/l) individually. Among various concentrations of cytokinins tested, maximum number of multiple sho...

background: based on recent studies, there are controversial reports on the ca-pacity of tissue cyst forming of toxoplasma gondii rh strain. in this study, the capac-ity was evaluated by in vivo and in vitro experiments. methods : rh strain was subcutaneously inoculated to ten wistar rats. after one month, their blood, brain, tongue and diaphragm were collected and evaluated by mat, pcr, pathol...