Some biomechanical models are represented by nonlinear first order ordinary differential equations. The objective of this study is to determine the velocity of a biomechanical model that involves a cyclist coasting downhill. Two methods namely; the modified explicit and diagonally implicit fifth–order Runge–Kutta methods are utilised. The performance of the two methods is compared with the exac...

A 2D Large Time Step (LTS) explicit scheme on structured grids is presented in this work. It is first detailed and analysed for the 2D linear advection equation and then applied to the 2D shallow water equations. The dimensional splitting technique allows us to extend the ideas developed in the 1D case related to source terms, boundary conditions and the reduction of the time step in the presen...

A central theme in contemporary psychology is the distinction between implicit and explicit evaluations. Research has shown various dissociations between the two kinds of evaluations, including different antecedents, different consequences, and discrepant evaluations of the same object. The associative– propositional evaluation (APE) model accounts for these dissociations by conceptualizing imp...

In this paper we report on a principal-agent experiment where the principal can choose whether to rely on an unenforcable bonus contract or to combine the bonus contract with a fine if the agent’s effort falls below a minimum standard. We show that most principals do not use the fine and that the pure bonus contract is more efficient than the combined contract. Our experiment suggests that prin...

We show how to descritize the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation in such a way as to preserve all the Lie point symmetries of the continuous differential equation. It is shown that, for a centered implicit scheme, there are at least two possible ways of doing so.

Design frequently involves a series of tradeoffs to obtain the “optimal” solution to a design problem. Green roofs have many different characteristics based on a variety of variables. Designers typically weigh the impacts of these characteristics in an implicit process based on intuition or past experience. But since vegetated roofing is a relatively complex and comparatively new technology to ...

This paper provides extensions to the theory and the computational aspects of the Fellegi-Holt Model of Editing (JASA 1976). If implicit edits can be generated prior to editing, then error localization (finding the minimum number of fields to impute) can be quite rapid. In some situations, not all of the implicit edits can be generated because of the great number (> 10^30) of distinct edit patt...

To prevent moving shadows being misclassified as moving objects or parts of moving objects, this paper presents an explicit method for detection of moving cast shadows on a dominating scene background. Those shadows are generated by objects moving between a light source and the background. Moving cast shadows cause a frame difference between two succeeding images of a monocular video image sequ...

Physics-based animation of soft or rigid bodies for real-time applications often suffers from numerical instabilities. We analyse one of the most common sources of unwanted behaviour: the numerical integration strategy. To assess the impact of popular integration methods, we consider a scenario where soft and hard constraints are added to a custom designed deformable linear object. Since the go...

In this paper we consider the numerical solution of large-scale projected generalized continuous-time and discrete-time Sylvester equations with low-rank right-hand sides. First, we present the results on the sufficient conditions for the existence, uniqueness, and analytic formula of the solutions of these equations. Second, we review the low-rank alternating direction implicit method and the ...