Bisphosphonates (BPs) have been shown to significantly reduce bone toughness in vertebrae within one year when given at clinical doses to dogs. Although BPs also reduce toughness in the cortical bone when given at high doses, their effect on cortical bone material properties when given at clinical doses is less clear. In part, this may be due to the use of small sample sizes that were powered t...

Press hardening steel has become a much used material in car body manufacturing due to its excellent safety and lightweight potential. In some recent car models press hardening steel has reached already a weight share of more than 20% in the body structure while it is estimated that it could reach even around 40% in the future. However conventional press hardening steel based on the alloying co...

An alloy development strategy coupled with toughness assessments and ultrasonic measurements is implemented to design a series of iron-based glass-forming alloys that demonstrate improved glass-forming ability and toughness. The combination of good glass-forming ability and high toughness demonstrated by the present alloys is uncommon in Fe-based systems, and is attributed to the ability of the...

D. Di Maio and S. G. Roberts Department of Materials, University of Oxford, UK keywords: toughness, coating, nanoindentation. Abstract Measuring the toughness of brittle coatings has always been a difficult task. Coatings are often too thin to easily prepare a freestanding sample of a defined geometry in order to use standard toughness measuring techniques. Using standard indentation techniques...

In computer networks, toughness is an important parameter which is used to measure the vulnerability of the network. Zhou et al. [24] obtains a toughness condition for a graph to be fractional (k,m)–deleted and presents an example to show the sharpness of the toughness bound. In this paper we remark that the previous example does not work and inspired by this fact, we present a new toughness co...

In this study, a novel numerical method is proposed for determination of mode-I interlaminar fracture toughness, GIc, in multi-directional (MD) double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens using fracture properties of unidirectional DCB specimens. Two factors, β and Dc are defined to minimize the undesirable effects on strain energy release rate. β describes the difference between maximum and average...