irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) is the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder noted in the general population worldwide. its chronic nature, signs and symptoms which vary periodically from mild to severe have many negative effects on the quality of life for the sufferer; therefore the appropriate treatment of these patients is highly important. patients should be informed by their d...

PURPOSE Allergic diseases are triggered by Th2-mediated immune reactions to allergens and orchestrated by various immunological factors, including immune cells and cytokines. Although many reports have suggested that childhood is the critical period in the onset of allergic diseases and aging leads to alter the susceptibility of an individual to allergic diseases, age-related changes in various...

Immunological interaction at the tick host interface involves both innate and acquired host defenses against infestation and Immunomodulatory countermeasures by thetick. Acquired resistance to tick infestation involves humoral and cellular immlmoregulatory effector pathways. Tick-borne disease-causing agentspr exploit tick suppression of host defenses during transmission and initiation of infec...

Identification of Bacterial DNA in the Peripheral Blood of PatientsWith Active Psoriasis Psoriasis is a systemic autoimmune inflammatorydisease that shares some immunological aspectswithother inflammatorybased diseases, such as Crohn disease.1 Bacterial DNA (bactDNA) fragments have been shown to induce a systemic immunological response inCrohndiseaseandother settings.2,3 Although the results of...

The authors present an account on Sjögren's syndrome--clinical manifestations, diagnosis, pathogenetic aspects and treatment. The diagnosis was based on three findings: keratoconjunctivitis sicca, stomatodynia--xerostomia and other immunological, diseases. The authors used different immunological examinations, bioptic examination of the oral mucosa and parotid glands. As to gastroenterological ...

The antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) are key to the immunological response, with different functions ascribed ranging from cellular immune activation to induction of tolerance. Such immunological responses are involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases, with DCs shown to play a role in atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure and most notably follow...

As a nanotechnology has been actively applied to the overall areas of scientific fields, it is necessary to understand the characteristic features, physical behaviors and the potential effects of exposure to nanomaterials and their toxicity. In this article we review the immunological influences induced by several nanomaterials and emphasize establishment of the animal models to estimate the im...