Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were immobilized by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate. The immobilization conditions and ammonia oxidation ability of the immobilized bacteria were investigated. The following immobilization conditions were observed to be optimal: PVA, 12%; sodium alginate, 1.1%; calcium chloride, 1.0%; inoculum concentration, 1.3 immobilized balls/mL of immobilized medium; ...

In the present work, co-immobilization of cholesterol oxidase (COD) and horseradish peroxidase (POD) on perlite surface was attempted. The surface of perlite were activated by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and covalently bonded with COD and POD via glutaraldehyde. Enzymes activities have been assayed by spectrophotometric technique. The stabilities of immobilized COD and POD to pH were higher th...

manganese (?) complex with 2, 2? bipyridine, 1, 1? dioxide (bpdo) ligand was immobilized within nanoreactors of mcm-41. the immobilized complex was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (xrd), nitrogen adsorption desorption, and ftir. the pore volume, surface area and pore diameter of mcm-41 decreased after immobilization of mn complex. three bands observed at 1250, 1220 cm?1 and 757 cm?1 a...

Bis-(L-tyrosinato)copper(II) was reacted with 3-(chloropropyl)-trimethoxysilane functionalized silica that has infused magnetite to yield a magnetically separable catalyst in which the copper carboxylate is covalently linked to the silica matrix through the silane linkage. The immobilized catalyst has been characterized by spectroscopic studies (such as FT-IR, EPR, Magnetic Measurement...

In the continuous systems, such as continuous beer fermentation, immobilized cells are kept inside the bioreactor for long periods of time. Thus an important factor in the design and performance of the immobilized yeast reactor is immobilized cell viability and physiology. Both the decreasing specific glucose consumption rate (q(im)) and intracellular redox potential of the cells immobilized to...

In the present study, textural and structural characterizations of chitosan bead for immobilization of alpha amylase were studied in detail by N2 adsorption–desorption, Microspore Analysis (MP), Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) plots and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) observations. Pore structure observation revealed chemical activation of chitosan bead by glutaralde...

The synthesis of citronellyl butyrate by direct esterification reaction catalyzed by immobilized lipase from Candida rugosa was studied in a continuous packed bed reactor using n-hexane as organic solvent. Parameters such as residence time, temperature, and pH were examined. The optimum conversion was obtained at a flow rate of 1 ml/min (residence time 8 min), temperature of 50 °C, and pH 7.5. ...

Degradation of humic substances in water is important due to its adverse effects on the environment and human health. The aim of this study was modeling and investigating the degradation of humic substances in water using immobilized ZnO as a catalyst. ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized through simple coprecipitation (CPT) method and immobilized on glass plates. The immobilized ZnO nanocatalyst...