This paper analyzes the characteristics of oil behavior in oil-cooling motors with hairpin winding to understand how maximize cooling performance. The is performed by directly spraying onto motor components. results show that as temperature increases, viscosity decreases, and film formed more evenly; however, splashing also increases. Similarly, flow rate but amount forming However, not affecte...

For aerospace applications, power density is a major driving force in the design of electrified powertrains. At forefront challenging electric motors with high efficiencies, torque, and capabilities. Due to its performance, Axial Flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) Motor expected be one leading technologies meet demands these industries. Finding balance between cooling system’s effectiveness subsequen...

Electric vehicles (EVs) are incorporated with higher energy density batteries to improve the driving range and performance. The lithium-ion generate a larger amount of heat which deteriorates their efficiency operating life. currently commercially employed cooling techniques not able achieve effective thermal management increasing density. Direct liquid offers enhanced battery packs at high dis...

The cooling system is the auxiliary equipment that consumes most energy in a data center, accounting for about 30 to 50% of total consumption. In order effectively reduce consumption it very important improve heat exchange efficiency at chip level. Compared with air cooling, single-phase cold plate liquid and immersion flat loop pipe (FLHP) considered be better chip-level solution centers. It h...

Previous results indicate that arterial pulse pressure modulates release of arginine vasopressin (AVP) in humans. The hypothesis was therefore tested that an increase in arterial pulse pressure is the stimulus for suppression of AVP release during central blood volume expansion by water immersion. A two-step immersion model (n = 8) to the xiphoid process and neck, respectively, was used to atta...

background and aims. the most common method for alginate impression disinfection is spraying it by disinfecting agents, but some studies have shown that these impressions can be immersed, too. the aim of this study was to evaluate the dimensional stability of alginate impressions following disinfecting by spray and immersion methods. materials and methods. four common disinfecting agents (sodiu...