Temperature, pressure, and time have been thought to control the smectite-to-illite (S-I) reaction, an important diagenetic process used for petroleum exploration. We demonstrated that microorganisms can promote the S-I reaction by dissolving smectite through reduction of structural Fe(III) at room temperature and 1 atmosphere within 14 days. This reaction typically requires conditions of 300 d...

The adsorption/desorption characteristics for light and heavy rare earth elements (REEs) on halloysite illite (which are beneficial the utilization of ion-adsorption RE ore) were systematically investigated compared. Additionally, fully charactered by XRD, SEM, microscope, zeta potential, nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms buffer pH to build relationship between mechanisms minerals’ prope...

The effects of temperature, salinity and clay particles on the inactivation and decay of the cold-active Bacteriophage 9A, isolated from particle-rich Arctic seawater, were examined using a plating technique to evaluate infectivity (inactivation) and epifluorescence microscopy to measure phage concentrations (decay). Phage 9A was rapidly inactivated over a temperature test range of 25 to 55°C i...

-The rates of release of AI by M NH~NO3 (pH 3) from minerals saturated with AI ions at pH 3 suggest that AI ions migrated from the surface layers and the matrix cores of kaolinite, montmorillonite, illite, and biotite, but only from the matrix core of muscovite mica. From the 0.25-0.5 p.m kaolinite and montmorillonite, part of the 'surface' A1 is released 'instantaneously' and the rest by first...

-Chemical analysis by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and calculated structural formulae of clay-size fractions of smectites from Cretaceous bentonites and illitic clays from Cretaceous, Devonian, and Ordovician bentonites and Jurassic and Permian sandstones indicate the nature and extent of various types of ionic substitution. The determination of tetrahedral (A1, Si) and octahedral (A1, Mg, Fe) comp...