Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) can involve widespread gastrointestinal dysfunction, even in cases in which inflammation is localized to a single site. The underlying pathophysiology of dysfunction in noninflamed regions is unclear. We examined whether colitis is associated with altered electrogenic ion transport in the ileal mucosa and/or changes in the properties of ileal submucosal neurons...

The insulinotropic hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is stored in the intestinal L cell in an active form, GLP-1-(7-36)amide, but more than half of the endogenous peptide circulates in an inactive, N-terminally truncated form, GLP-1-(9-36)amide. This study examined the GLP-1 newly secreted from the porcine ileum, in vitro (isolated perfused preparation) and in vivo (anesthetized pig), to ...

Linear and stereological morphometric methods were applied to the jejunal and ileal mucosa of young, adult, and old male Wistar rats submitted to protein deficiency and rehabilitation. The animals were fed ad libitum a 2% casein diet during 42 days and then received a 20% casein diet for 30 days. Food intake, body weights, and plasma protein concentrations were recorded. In the young protein de...

The study was carried out on ileum of 15 buffalo fetuses ranging from 14.5 cm curved crown-rump length (CVRL) (93 days) to 100 cm CVRL (299 days) to elucidate the histoenzymic distribution of enzymes i.e. alkaline phosphatase (AKPase), Glucose6-Phosphatase (G-6-Pase), Succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) and Diaphorases on ileal peyer’s patches during their prenatal development. The fetuses were catego...

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis is a rare disease caused by the fungus Basidiobolus ranarum. It has been reported in both children and adults. The disease mainly affects the colon and the small bowel; however, cases of the stomach, liver, pancreas, and renal system being affected have been reported. CASE REPORT A 2 year old boy presented with the following symptoms; abdominal p...

In patients with colectomy, epithelial transport function in the remnant small intestine can be regulated in response to the increased fecal electrolyte and fluid loss. Using a rat colectomy model, we investigated the Na+ and K+ transport mechanisms underlying the intestinal response. Proctocolectomy with ileoanal anastomosis was performed on rats. The small intestinal mucosa was mounted in Uss...

To elucidate the pathophysiological changes leading to postantibiotic diarrhoea caused by Clostridium difficile and its cytotoxin, oral ampicillin was given to rabbits, and jejunal, ileal, and caecal segments of those that developed diarrhoea were investigated in vitro. The rabbits that, in response to treatment, harboured Clostridium difficile in their colonic lumen were studied, and the resul...

Changes in the morphology of the small intestinal mucosa and enterocyte dynamics were examined in posthatch chicks through 12 d. At hatch, enterocytes were round and nonpolar; however, within 24 h posthatch, enterocytes lengthened and exhibited more typical morphology. Crypts were rudimentary at hatch and by 48 h invagination was completed and crypt numbers increased by branching and fission, w...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Systemic cellular immunity elicited by the Ty21a oral typhoid vaccine has been extensively characterized. However, very limited data are available in humans regarding mucosal immunity at the site of infection (terminal ileum [TI]). Here we investigated the host immunity elicited by Ty21a immunization on terminal ileum-lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC) and peripheral bloo...

1. In a previous study we found that the protein synthesis rate was increased by 50-60% in the mucosa of the jejunum and ileum during sepsis in rats. It is not known if sepsis affects protein turnover in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract as well. 2. In the present study, the influence of sepsis on mucosal protein synthesis in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract, from the stoma...