The study aimed to investigate the effect of intrathecal injections of Tanshinone IIA on thermal hyperalgesia in a mouse model of bone cancer-pain. Spinal IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α expression levels were analyzed. C3H/HeNCrlVr male mice were assigned to groups that either received dose-dependent injections of Tanshinone IIA, or the DMSO + Sham, Tanshinone IIA + Sham, DMSO + Tumor, and Control groups. ...

This study investigates the inactivation properties of Na channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes from two rat IIA Na channel cDNA clones differing by a single amino acid residue. Although the two cDNAs encode Na channels with substantially different activation properties (Auld, V. J., A. L. Goldin, D. S. Krafte, J. Marshall, J. M. Dunn, W. A. Catterall, H. A. Lester, N. Davidson, and R. J. Dunn....

Among several different types of phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)), cytosolic PLA(2) (cPLA(2))alpha and group IIA (IIA) secretory PLA(2) (sPLA(2)) have been studied intensively. To determine the discrete roles of cPLA(2)alpha in platelets, we generated two sets of genetically engineered mice (cPLA(2)alpha(-/-)/sPLA(2)-IIA(-/-) and cPLA(2)alpha(-/-)/sPLA(2)-IIA(+/+)) and compared their platelet functi...

We present a version of ten-dimensional IIA supergravity containing a 9-form potential for which the field equations are equivalent to those of the standard, massless, IIA theory for vanishing 10-form field strength, F 10 , and to those of the 'massive' IIA theory for non-vanishing F 10. We present a multi 8-brane solution of these equations that generalizes the 8-brane of Polchinski and Witten...

We show that all supersymmetric Type IIA D-branes can be constructed as bound states of a certain number of unstable non-supersymmetric Type IIA D9-branes. This string-theoretical construction demonstrates that D-brane charges in Type IIA theory on spacetime manifold X are classified by the higher K-theory group K(X), as suggested recently by Witten. In particular, the system of N D0-branes can...

The physiological regulation of renal Pi reabsorption is mediated by renal type II Na/Pi cotransporters (type IIa and type IIc). The type IIa transporter is regulated, among other factors, by dietary Pi intake and parathyroid hormone (PTH). The PTH-induced inhibition of Pi reabsorption is mediated by endocytosis of the type IIa transporter from the brush-border membrane and subsequent lysosomal...

Objectives Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular disease. Our current study sought to explore the effects of tanshinone IIA on the proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Materials and Methods In this study, we examined the effects of tanshinone IIA by cell proliferation assay and cell migr...

In this paper we study K3 compactification of ten-dimensional massive type IIA theory with all possible Ramond-Ramond background fluxes turned on. The resulting six-dimensional theory is a new massive (gauged) supergravity with an action that is manifestly invariant under an O(4, 20)/O(4) × O(20) duality symmetry. We discover that this six-dimensional theory interpolates between vacua of ten-di...

Concerning breast adenocarcinomas, critical genes -including HER2/neu, Topoisomerase IIa (Topo IIa) and estrogen/progesterone receptorsare frequently altered, affecting the biological behavior of the neoplasm and also the response rates to specific targeted or chemotherapeutic agents [1]. Interestingly, HER2 and Topo IIa genes share the same Chr 17 locus (band 17q12-21) and for this reason they...

PURPOSE When abdominal aortic aneurysms and common iliac artery (CIA) aneurysms undergo concomitant endovascular repair, endograft limb extension into the external iliac artery is often necessary. Usually, the internal iliac artery (IIA) is coil embolized in such a case to prevent endoleak. It has been our practice to coil embolize the IIA only in cases where there is not adequate stent graft s...