The notion of a “hierarchy of sciences”, in which academic fields can be ordered from “hard” to “soft”, is an old one. However, efforts to develop a measure of hardness of a field—the field’s level of paradigm development—to date have not been highly successful. Here I explore the possibility of using a text-based similarity measure to quantify the extent of consensus in a field, which is theor...

Applications are increasingly operating on large data sets. This trend creates problems for access control, which in principle restricts the actions that subjects can perform on any item in that data set. Performance issues therefore emerge, typically for operations on entire data sets. Emerging access control models such as attribute-based access control do meet their limitations in this conte...

The growing demand of securing the online trade and digital content bought the digital watermarking as major tools for protecting copyright, preventing unauthorized distribution, track back the source, confirming the ownership, authentication and many more. This paper proposes a new algorithm which shows better resistance against some common attacks. The SVD-DWT technique is applied here for de...

This paper looks at the convergence of knowledge management and Enterprise 2.0 and describes the possibilities for an over-arching exchange and transfer of knowledge in Enterprise 2.0. This will be underlined by the presentation of the concrete example of T-System Multimedia Solutions (MMS), which describes the establishment of a new enterprise division "IG eHealth". This is typified by the dec...

A current and significant limitation to metabolomics is the large-scale, high-throughput conversion of raw chromatographically coupled mass spectrometry datasets into organized data matrices necessary for further statistical processing and data visualization. This article describes a new data extraction tool, MET-IDEA (Metabolomics Ion-based Data Extraction Algorithm) which surmounts this void....

The purpose of this research was analysis of contents of extension and education in agricultural cooperatives in the Lorestan province, Iran. The population of study consisted of 832 members of agricultural cooperative in Lorestan province, Iran in which 260 people were selected as a sample size, using Krejcie and Morgan table. The results indicate that more than 66.92 percent of the agricultur...

Currently used Plagiarism Detection Systems solely rely on textbased comparisons. They only deliver satisfying results if the plagiarized text is copied literally (copy&paste), with minor alterations (e.g. shake&paste) or is machine translated. However, if the text is paraphrased or translated by a human, the currently used methods yield a very poor performance. Using the words of Weber Wulff, ...