A 20-year-old man presented with sleep apnea. Polysomnography was performed and it revealed nine apneas and two hypopneas. Contrary to typical apnea, however, rhythmic epileptiform discharges appeared at bifrontal area on EEG just before the start of apnoea. Video-EEG monitoring was performed to classify these events, and to evaluate the relationship of apnoea and ictal discharge. Ictal EEG rev...

EEG remains the primary technique in the diagnosis, characterization, and localization of partial seizures. This review examines the significance and character of interictal epileptiform abnormailites, periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges, and ictal patterns in patients with partial epilepsy. Interictal epileptiform discharges are common and assist in the diagnosis and localization of p...

Cerebral perfusion changes reliably reflect changes in neuronal activity. Our aim was to obtain new insights into the pathophysiology of complex partial seizures (CPS) in patients with hippocampal sclerosis (HS) using interictal and ictal single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). We studied 24 patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) associated with HS. All had an interic...

The hippocampus plays an important role in the genesis of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, and the entorhinal cortex (EC) may affect the hippocampal network activity because of the heavy interconnection between them. However, the mechanism by which the EC affects the discharge patterns and the transmission mode of epileptiform discharges within the hippocampus needs further study. Here, multielec...

Commentary Astrocytes of the healthy brain fulfill an important homeo-static role to couple neuronal activity to cerebral blood flow, and thereby to adapt local cerebral blood flow to metabolic demands, a phenomenon termed neurovascular coupling (1, 2). Astrocytes react to neuronal activity by a rise in intracel-lular Ca 2+ , and it is the increase in Ca 2+ in the astrocytic endfeet that enshea...

Patients with epilepsy may experience psychiatric symptoms preceding the seizure (pre-ictal), following the seizure (post-ictal), independently of seizure occurrence (interictal), or as an expression of the seizure (ictal). Compared to interictal, peri-ictal psychiatric symptoms are less investigated and recognized. However, they contribute substantially to disability and distress among people ...

The purpose of this study is (1) to provide EEG feature complexity analysis in seizure prediction by inter-ictal and pre-ital data classification and, (2) assess the between-subject variability considered features. In past several decades, there has been a sustained interest predicting epilepsy using data. Most methods classify features extracted from EEG, which they assume are characteristic p...

The effect of quinine on pyramidal cell intrinsic properties, extracellular potassium transients, and epileptiform activity was studied in vitro using the rat hippocampal slice preparation. Quinine enhanced excitatory post-synaptic potentials and decreased fast- and slow-inhibitory post-synaptic potentials. Quinine reduced the peak potassium rise following tetanic stimulation but did not affect...

BACKGROUND Ictal asystole is a rare, serious, and often treatable cause of syncope. There are currently limited data to guide management. Characterization of ictal syncope predictors may aid in the selection of high-risk patients for treatments such as pacemakers. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched our epilepsy monitoring unit database from October 2003 to July 2013 for all patients with ictal a...

Molecular imaging with ictal single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is an established functional imaging modality for the presurgical evaluation of patients with refractory partial onset seizures. SPECT coregistered on to the MRI has greater sensitivity to identify the ictal onset zone. Ictal SPECT should always be interpreted in the context of other presurgical investigations. Icta...