Ice propagation is of great importance to the accumulation of ice/frost on solid surfaces. However, no investigation has been reported on the tuning of ice propagation through a simple coating process. Herein, we study the ice propagation behavior on polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) surfaces coated with the layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition approach. We discover that ice propagation is strongly d...

Internal melt ice-on-coil tank with built-in horizontal tubes is a kind of ice tank used widely. Its discharge process is effected greatly by density different between ice and water. The existing models developed for internal melt ice-on-coil tank are concentric cylinder models which are applicable to tank with built-in vertical tube or to case when all water in tank is frozen, but is not appli...

By molecular dynamics simulations, we have studied the enhanced heating process of salty ice and water by the electric field of applied microwaves at 2.5 GHz, and those in the range 2.5-10 GHz for the frequency dependence. We show that water molecules in salty ice are allowed to rotate in response to the microwave electric field to the extent comparable to those in pure water, because the molec...

A simple statistical model for ice is presented, based on a point charge model for H2O. To simulate this model, a Monte Carlo algorithm is constructed that samples proton configurations according to the Boltzmann distribution. The ground state of the model is numerically found to be an ordered nonferroelectric state with a unit cell of eight water molecules. The same structure has been previous...

A proton magnetic resonance image of ice was observed with the stray-field (STRAFI) technique. A preliminary study of proton relaxation times was performed in water and ice, at different temperatures. For example, a value of 3.5 micros for the spin-spin relaxation time, T(2), was found in ice at 258 K. Such a short T(2) value leads to significant signal loss, as compared to liquid water, and to...

In this work we present an implementation for the calculation of the melting point of ice I(h) from direct coexistence of the solid-liquid interface. We use molecular dynamics simulations of boxes containing liquid water and ice in contact. The implementation is based on the analysis of the evolution of the total energy along NpT simulations at different temperatures. We report the calculation ...

A numerical ocean sea-ice model is used to demonstrate that Arctic sea ice retreat affects momentum transfer into the ocean. A thinner and thus weaker ice cover is more easily forced by the wind, which increases the momentum flux. In contrast, increasing open water reduces momentum transfer because the ice surface provides greater drag than the open water surface. We introduce the concept of op...

Molecules are bound very closely in ice and much less rigidly in water; hence water acquires fluidity and follows the law that water finds its own level by flowing from higher to lower levels. The rigid binding of molecules in water is loosened by heating. When we raise the temperature to nearly 100°C, the molecules are so energized that they get the freedom to leave the folds of gravitation an...

Nanoscopic and microscopic water droplets and ice crystals embedded in liquid hydrophobic surroundings are key components of aerosols, rocks, oil fields and the human body. The chemical properties of such droplets critically depend on the interfacial structure of the water droplet. Here we report the surface structure of 200 nm-sized water droplets in mixtures of hydrophobic oils and surfactant...