The depletion rate of conventional petroleum fuels is very fast. Gasoline used as fuel in the SI engine. Emissions from this cause environmental pollution because it produces harmful emissions for environment such CO2, CO, HC, and NOx. Liquefied gas (LPG) has physical chemical properties that make a favorable IC engines. It can be alone or combined with gasoline some minor engine modifications....

The personal transportation choices that people make will have a drastic impact on air quality. What the commute with and how they environment. pollutants an additional human life as these particulate matter cause respiratory diseases elevated risk of cancer. To improve this dire situation, several steps been adopted by automobile companies worldwide over past 20 years. emission fuel consumptio...

the aim of the present paper is to define and study (ic)$lm$-fuzzytopological spaces, a generalization of (weakly) induced $lm$-fuzzytopological spaces. we discuss the basic properties of(ic)$lm$-fuzzy topological spaces, and introduce the notions ofinterior (ic)-fication and exterior (ic)-fication of $lm$-fuzzytopologies and prove that {bf iclm-ftop} (the category of(ic)$lm$-fuzzy topological ...

Fuel quality is an important indicator for the suitability of alternative fuel utilization in internal combustion (IC) engines. In this paper, light naphtha and fusel oil have been introduced as additives local low octane gasoline to operate a spark ignition (SI) engine. Investigated samples prepared based on volume denoted GN10 (90% 10% naphtha), GF10 oil), GN5F5 gasoline, 5% oil) addition G10...

An experimental study is carried out to investigate engine performance parameters and methods of reducing emissions from spark ignition engine. Fuel efficiency is one of the major concerns for the users, the designers and the manufacturers of internal combustion (IC) engines, The effect of increasing the temperature of cylinder liner has the advantage of reducing the specific fuel consumption b...

Viscosity of vegetable oil is considered a constraint for its use as an alternate fuel for Internal Combustion(IC) engines. In this experimental investigation, the viscosity of cottonseed oil (CSO), which is considered a potential alternate fuel, is reduced by blending it in different proportions with diesel, and its viscosity at various temperatures was analyzed and used as a fuel in a compres...

Use of biodiesel as an alternative to diesel could reduce the dependency on petroleum products and the pollution problem. The physical properties of the fuel such as viscosity, volatility and f lash point also affect the combustion process, thereby engine performance. Specif ically atomization of the fuel during the injection is attributed to higher viscosity of biodiesel. Injec ted fuel drople...

The use of bio-ethanol as an alternative diesel engine fuel is increasing rapidly. Bioethanol is mixed with diesel fuel in different ratios and used in CI and SI engines. Vibrations have direct effects on engine components and users when the engine is operated on a vehicle. For this reason, analysis of vibration resulting from combustion in IC engines is very important. In this study, evaluatio...

In case of automobile the fuel saving is the prime important with minimum emission and best performance. The phenomenon by which heat transfer takes place through engine fins must frequently be improved for these reasons. Air-cooling used to reduced weight and simple in construction of engine cylinder block. So,air-cooled engine build heat, the cooling fins permit the wind and air to move the h...