proteases play a key role in protein digestion in ticks and other haematophagous insects. our understanding of blood meal digestion in digestive system of ticks can be very useful for better understanding of basic rules for control of ticks. cells of the midgut endocytose blood components. blood proteins uptake by midgut cells, suggesting the presence of proteases in the midgut cells. in this s...

A survey was carried out to investigate the frequency of hard tick species (Acari: Ixodidae) on sheep in Khorasan Razvi province. A total of 812 ticks were collected from the sheep of different areas of Khorsan Razavi province five species were identified as follow: Rhipicephalus turanicus (59.23%), Hyalomma.marginatum turanicum (25.73%), Hyalomma excavatum (14.8%), Hyalomma anatolicum (8.3...

As part of ongoing arbovirus surveillance, we screened ticks obtained from livestock in northeastern Kenya in 2008 to assess the risk for human exposure to tick-borne viruses. Of 1,144 pools of 8,600 Hyalomma spp. ticks screened for Congo-Crimean hemorrhagic fever virus by reverse transcription PCR, 23 pools were infected, demonstrating a potential for human exposure.

timonae infection is diagnosed have >1 eschar, which raises the suspicion that some cases of Mediterranean spotted fever with multiple eschars reported in Spain could be caused by this rickettsial species. More studies about the vectors of this bacteria are needed because studies of Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus ticks (the suspected hosts) conducted in our area have not demonstrated the presence o...

Hyalomma scupense (syn. Hyalomma detritum) is a two-host domestic endophilic tick of cattle and secondarily other ungulates in the Maghreb region (Africa). This species transmits several pathogens, among which two are major livestock diseases: Theileria annulata and Theileria equi. Various other pathogens are also transmitted by this tick species, such as Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia...

ticks are an important problem among zoonotic diseases. main veterinary species of hard ticks are: hyalomma sp. boophilus sp and rhipicephalus sp. among them hyalomma sp. have widespread distribution in iran and middle east. the best method to control hyalomma sp. is immunological one, by using antigens, which causes immunologic and physiologic reactions in host.bm86 is one of the best antigens...

Sequences from the Anaplasma phagocytophilum 16S rRNA gene were detected in 5 ticks representing 3 species (Hyalomma marginatum, Rhipicephalus turanicus, and Boophilus kohlsi) collected from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Mount Carmel, Israel. The sequences were all identical to those of Ap-variant 1 strain.

In 2016, Rickettsia sibirica mongolitimonae was diagnosed for a man in Turkey. He had been bitten by a Hyalomma marginatum tick, from which PCR detected rickettsial DNA. Sequence analysis of the DNA identified R. sibirica mongolitimonae. Immunofluorescence assay of patient serum indicated R. conorii, which cross-reacts. PCR is recommended for rickettsiosis diagnoses.

Rickettsia conorii, a spotted fever group rickettsia which is transmitted by Rhipicephalus sp. complex ticks, was considered until now the only pathogenic rickettsia prevalent in Greece. Here, we report the presence of "Rickettsia mongolotimonae" (proposed name) detected simultaneously in a patient and in a Hyalomma anatolicum excavatum tick, sampled on the patient.