The importance of the results of some large, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) has modified the risk/benefit perception of HRT. Recent literature review supports a different management. The differences in age at initiation and the duration of HRT are key points. HRT appears to decrease coronary disease in younger women, near menopause; yet, in older women,...

BACKGROUND AND METHODOLOGY Late 'age at menopause' is a recognised risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer and is also associated with decreased use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). When investigating the association between HRT use and breast cancer risk it is therefore necessary to adjust for the potential confounder, 'age at menopause'. 'Age at menopause', however, cannot be determ...

Two types of applications are considered: Hard Real-Time (HRT) and Soft Real-Time (SRT). HRT applications need to meet their deadlines under all circumstances; deadlines of SRT applications may occasionally be missed. Both applications are constructed from objects. HRT and SRT applications coexist on the same set of processors and share objects to allow a consistent exchange of data via transac...

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of dietary intervention, through the modification of dietary fatty acids composition and antioxidant vitamins, on plasma thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)) levels in postmenopausal women with hypercholesterolemia. The subjects were treated for 12 weeks with one of three methods: hormone replacement therapy (HRT group, n=8), dietary intervention (DIET ...

OBJECTIVES Aortic stiffness, determined by the pulse wave velocity (PWV), is an independent marker of cardiovascular risk. PWV is mainly influenced by age-associated alterations of arterial wall structure and blood pressure (BP). To determine the impact of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on arterial compliance in normotensive, postmenopausal women, we examined the effects of HRT on PWV. MET...

BACKGROUND Mechanisms of menopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT)-related bleeding, undoubtedly mediated through endometrial steroid receptors, are poorly understood. We aimed to determine the steroid receptor expression in HRT-exposed endometrium in relation to disturbances of bleeding patterns. METHODS Prospective observational study in a tertiary referral menopause clinic in Western Au...

PURPOSE The symptoms of the climacteric coincide with the marked appearance of signs of skin aging. Studies on animal models have shown that estrogen is a critical mediator in wound healing. The authors report a study of the influence of hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) on colon anastomoses performed in female rats. METHODS Three groups of Wistar rats were used: one submitted to oophorectom...

Many observational studies and experimental and animal studies have demonstrated that estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) or hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (estrogen plus progestin) significantly reduces the risk of coronary heart disease. Nonetheless, recent randomized controlled trials demonstrated some trends toward an increased risk of cardiovascular events rather than a reduction of risk...

The effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and organic loading rate (OLR) on biological hydrogen production was assessed using an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor fed with cassava wastewater. The HRT of this reactor ranged from 8 to 1 h (28 to 161 kg COD/m-d). The inoculum was obtained from a facultative pond sludge derived from swine wastewater treatment. The effluent pH was approximately 5.0...

Background: hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is still a controversial therapy, its effects over cardiovascular system being contradictory. Methods and material: we evaluated the HRT’s effects on cardiovascular risk factors on a 238 women (38 with and 200 without HRT) sample, between April 2007 and April 2008. For every woman, we investigated the cardiovascular risk factors’ presence. Results: ...