1 The survey units An informal sector survey is concerned with economic units of special types namely householdbased and other small-scale establishments. Exactly what type of units are in the scope of the survey is a substantive issue, dependent on circumstances and data requirements, and is not considered here. However, certain common features can be noted. Typically, the survey is confined t...

BACKGROUND Predictors of high out-of-pocket household healthcare expenditure are essential for creating effective health system finance policy. In Bangladesh, 63.3% of health expenditure is out-of-pocket and born by households. It is imperative to know what determines household health expenditure. This study aims to investigate the predicting factors of high out-of-pocket household healthcare e...

BACKGROUND The main goal of this study is to examine the distributions of illness conditions and resulting medical expenditures and their associated factors. To achieve this goal, an in-house survey was conducted in August of 2012 in rural Beijing, the capital city of China. RESULTS The survey was conducted in Nanjianchang and Beijianchang, which are two villages 20 KM away from Miyun, a sate...

A prognosis model has been developed for solid waste generation from households in Hoi An City, a famous tourist city in Viet Nam. Waste sampling, followed by a questionnaire survey, was carried out to gather data. The Bayesian model average method was used to identify factors significantly associated with waste generation. Multivariate linear regression analysis was then applied to evaluate th...

Pushed by ever-rising health care costs, changes in health care systems, and modern technology, there is even a stronger need for finding blood-based biomarkers for diagnosis, disease progression and assessing response to therapy for all medical conditions that are clinically diagnosed. The days of relying solely on patient history, subjective scales/measures, and human interpretation of studie...