AIMS To review the thermal effects of MDMA in humans, and discuss the practical implications. METHODS The literature on Ecstasy/MDMA, body temperature, and subjective thermal self-ratings was reviewed, and explanatory models for the changes in thermal homeostasis were examined and debated. RESULTS In human placebo-controlled laboratory studies, the effects of MDMA were dose related. Low dos...

Basidiomycetes-X (BDM-X) is a novel edible mushroom recently identified as a new fungi species and registered to the database of the NPO organization for International Patent Organism Depositing (IPOD) in the Industrial Technology Institute of Japan (PCT/JP2004/006418). In the present study, we examined anti-oxidant activity of hot water extract of this novel fungus both in vitro and in vivo to...

UNLABELLED The use of caffeine supplements in athletic and military populations has increased in recent years. Excessive caffeine consumption in conjunction with exercise in a hot environment may predispose individuals to heat illness. PURPOSE To examine heat balance induced by a large dose of caffeine during exercise in a hot environment. METHODS Ten men, not heat acclimated and not habitu...

Sixty-two multiparous Large White sows were used to determine the effect of dietary fiber level on lactation performance according to season under conditions of a humid tropical climate. This experiment was conducted in Guadeloupe (West French Indies, lat 16 degrees N, long 61 degrees W) between October 1999 and January 2001. Two seasons were distinguished a posteriori from climatic measurement...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of cocoa husks feeding on liver composition of the Italian heavy pig. Cocoa husks are by-products derived from chocolate production and have a high content of proteins, lipids, and NDF. Cocoa husks are also rich in antioxidants, polyphenols in particular. Eight finishing pigs were divided into 2 groups: control group fed a traditional diet...