In the Damage-response framework of microbial pathogenesis, infectious diseases are one outcome of a host-microorganism interaction in a susceptible host. In cryptococcal disease, damage to the host is caused by Cryptococcus neoformans virulence determinants, the nature of the host response, or both. Further, the disease may be acute or reactivated from a latent state. Hence, a vaccine for C. n...

We have obtained a deep i-band image of the blazar 3C 279 while the target was in a low optical state. Due to the faintness of the optical nucleus we have made the first detection of the host galaxy. The host galaxy has an apparent I-band magnitude of 18.4±0.3 and an effective radius of (2.7 ± 1.1) arcsec. The luminosity of the host galaxy MR = -23.8 is consistent with the luminosities of other...

We studied a host-parasite model qualitatively. The host-parasitoid is obtained by modifying the Nicholson-Bailey so that number of hosts parasitoids can't attack fixed. Topological classification equilibria achieved with implementation linearization. Furthermore, Neimark-Sacker bifurcation explored using theory normal forms at interior steady-state. in controlled implementing two control strat...