this study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antifungal efficacy of essential oil and extracts derived from the flower and leaves of magnolia liliflora, respectively, against plant pathogenic fungi. the oil (750 μg disc-1) and various leaf extracts such as hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol (1,500 μg disc-1) revealed promising antifungal effects against botrytis c...

Biological fluids, such as blood and mucosal secretions, continuously flow within the human body and form prominent barriers to pathogen colonization and invasion of host cells [1, 2]. Consequently, pathogens have evolved sophisticated molecular strategies to overcome the mechanical shear forces associated with resisting the flow of biological fluids; in particular, membrane anchored biomolecul...

Ticks are obligate hematophagous ectoparasites that transmit a wide variety of pathogens to humans and animals. The incidence of tick-borne diseases has increased worldwide in both humans and domestic animals over the past years resulting in greater interest in the study of tick-host-pathogen interactions. Advances in vector and pathogen genomics and proteomics have moved forward our knowledge ...

parasitoids of the genus, trichogramma are the most widely used natural enemies for biological control of pests worldwide. the presence of flowering plants can improve efficiency of biological control agents by supplying sugar resource for parasitoids. in this study, two experiments were performed under laboratory condition (at 25±1ºc, 60±10% rh and a photoperiod 16l:8d), to evaluate the effect...

Endophytes are microorganisms that live inside the plant tissue without causing external symptoms. All plants in nature harbor endophytes. Some endophytes produce and secrete biologically active compounds, known as secondary metabolites, which can help host cope with bacterial, fungal, other pest pathogens. isolated from aquatic algae. Diseases detrimental aquaculture industry where chemical pe...

Microbial communities in the endosphere of Salicaceae plants, poplar (Populus trichocarpa) and willow (Salix sitchensis), have been demonstrated to be important for plant growth promotion, protection from biotic and abiotic stresses, and degradation of toxic compounds. Our study aimed to investigate bio-control activities of Salicaceae endophytes against various soil borne plant pathogens inclu...

Biological control represents an important approach of agricultural biotechnology for controlling many fungal plant pathogens. Trichoderma spp. are the most promising and effective bioagents against many plant pathogenic fungi. In present paper, two strains of Trichoderma aspellerum isolated from soil were screened for their efficacy against some common soil borne plant pathogens by dual cultur...

Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) are important innate immune defenses that inhibit colonization by pathogens and contribute to clearance of infections. Gram-negative bacterial pathogens are a major target, yet many of them have evolved mechanisms to resist these antimicrobials. These resistance mechanisms can be critical contributors to bacterial virulence and are often crucial for survi...

Ticks are vectors of pathogens affecting human and animal health worldwide. Nevertheless, the ecological and evolutionary interactions between ticks, hosts, and pathogens are largely unknown. Here, we integrated a framework to evaluate the associations of the tick Ixodes ricinus with its hosts and environmental niches that impact pathogen circulation. The analysis of tick-hosts association sugg...