The concentrations of some widely used pharmaceuticals, namely fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin C H FN O , norfloxacin C H FN O and ofloxacin C H FN O ) and sulfonamides (sulfadimethoxine C H N O S 17 18 3 3 16 18 3 3 18 20 3 4 12 14 4 4 and sulfamethoxazole C H N O S ) were determined in urban sewage sludge utilized for making compost. The 10 11 3 3 levels of degradation of these pharmaceutical...

Ninety-nine children admitted to the Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco with severe malnutrition from May 1999 to May 2000 were investigated in a cross-sectional study focusing on key epidemiological and clinical variables. The majority of the children (88.9%) were less than 6 months of age, 42.4% had a history of low birth weight, and 36.4% were premature. Some 19.2% had never been breas...

abstract to study the effects of sewage sludge on tomato seedling growth, a series of pot experiments, each pot containing 17 kg soil, were conducted in a randomized complete design with eight replications. treatments used were: 5 levels of sewage sludge (5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 tons/ha) and two control treatments (t1, without sewage sludge and t2, sewage sludge + complete fertilizers). analysis o...

BrMed7 1990;301:1437-8 In the early 1980s the Kimbanguist Church in Zaire decided to establish a hospital in the Kimbanseke area of Kinshasa, the capital. Kimbanseke is one of the largest and most impoverished areas of Kinshasa, with a population ofabout 350 000 and an annual population growth rate of 3%. Although subject to rapid urbanisation, the district has inadequate water supplies and sew...

The production of sewage sludge has been sharply increasing by municipal sludge treatment plants in China. Sewage sludge is a difficult waste to manage not only due to the high quantities produced but also due to its high concentration of heavy metals and pathogens. The pyrolytic conversion of sewage sludge to biochar and then applied to the land is a sustainable management potion. Therefore, t...

the 6th national population and housing census was carried out from october 28 to november 17, 2006 in which three different questionnaires were used. question number 55 of the 3rd questionnaire asked about housing units sewage disposal. this paper studies and analyzes the answers to the mentioned question in regional and national levels. assessment of housing units sewage disposal conditions s...

There has been a paradigm shift towards reclamation of wastewater from high cost to low cost effective technology for treatment of sewage and resource utilization for economy driven activities.Under appropriate conditions, sewage fed fisheries would reduce the cost of fish production by utilizing the sewage induced natural plankton and become cost effective because of savings through chemical f...

Several groups of bacteria were isolated and identified in an evaluation of the microbiological properties of a sewage treatment system involving the process of controlled eutrophication in a marine setting (J. G. Songer, N. M. Trieff, R. F. Smith, and D. Grajcer, 1974). Fecal coliforms, enterococci, Salmonellae, Shigellae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio alginolyticus were studied at three...

Over 300 bacterial strains were isolated from seven samples of activated sludge by plating on sewage agar. Gram-negative bacteria of the genera Zoogloea and Comamonas predominated. Many isolates (51%) showed sudanophilic inclusions of poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid, whereas 34% accumulated iodophilic material on media containing starch. A large number required either vitamins or amino acids, or ...

A modified adsorption-elution technique for concentration of enteric viruses from sewage and water samples was developed. The viruses in water were concentrated by negatively charged membrane filtration, eluted with 2.9% tryptose phosphate broth containing 6% glycine pH 9.0, and reconcentrated using centrifugation by a speedVac concentrator. The presence of poliovirus, hepatitis A virus (HAV) R...