BACKGROUND Direct out-of-pocket payments for health care are recognised as limiting access to health care services and also endangering the welfare of households. In Uganda, such payments comprise a large portion of total health financing. This study assesses the catastrophic and impoverishing impact of paying for health care out-of-pocket in Uganda. METHODS Using data from the Uganda Nationa...

BACKGROUND It is believed that laboratory tariffs in Iran don't reflect the real costs. This might expose private laboratories at financial hardship. Activity Based Costing is widely used as a cost measurement instrument to more closely approximate the true cost of operations. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the real price of different clinical tests of a selected private clinical lab...

The authors examine competing theoretical arguments regarding whether union representation, shared governance, wage levels, and two features of the quality of labor relations-workplace culture and conflict in negotiations-lead to better or worse outcomes for airlines, and they test these interpretations using a mix of historical and quantitative data from major U.S. airlines. Both the qualitati...

BACKGROUND Indiscriminate usage of injections and lack of safe practices during injection administration have been reported worldwide. Unnecessary and unsafe injection usage not only increases the financial burden but are also responsible for spreading blood borne diseases including HIV, HBV and HCV. To attain a better understanding of the situation of injection usage in Bangladesh, a study was...

BACKGROUND We sought to determine how health care-related financial burden, childhood activity limitations, health insurance, and other access-related factors predict delayed or forgone care for families with children, using a nationally representative, population-based sample. METHODS Our sample included families with children aged 0 to 17 years whose family was interviewed about their healt...

Recent financial woes in America have prompted a closer look at the relationship between the health of an economy and the decisions of its households. The Great Recession, in particular, was driven partly by mounting household debt and plummeting household spending. Now, while the rebounding savings rate has reversed a longstanding trend, it has weakened the economic recovery. In “Consumption a...

BACKGROUND Increasing incidence of and mortality from skin cancer are posing a large financial burden on the NHS in England. Information provided by cost-of-illness (CoI) studies are used in policy making and are particularly useful for measuring the potential savings from averting a case of disease. METHODS We estimate the cost of skin cancer in England, and model future costs up to 2020. We...

• taking action to prevent financial difficulties by recognising the warning signs, engaging appropriate experts, and intervening to avoid escalation is critically important • Monitor’s experience demonstrates the value of a rules based intervention regime that makes explicit what is expected of Foundation Trusts, and the consequences that will follow from failures of performance • a menu of op...

A turnaround describes an organization's ability to recover from successive periods of decline. Current and projected declines in US economic conditions continue to place local public health departments at risk of fiscal exigency. This examination focused on turnaround methodologies used by a local public health department to reverse successive periods of operational and financial declines. Ill...

BACKGROUND Bangladesh has a high proportion of households incurring catastrophic health expenditure, and very limited risk sharing mechanisms. Identifying determinants of out-of-pocket (OOP) payments and catastrophic health expenditure may reveal opportunities to reduce costs and protect households from financial risk. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the determinants of high healthcare expe...