An analysis is made of the distribution of deviations from Hardy-Weinberg proportions with k alleles and of estimates of inbreeding coefficients (f) obtained from these deviations. If f is small, the best estimate of f in large samples is shown to be 2 sigma i(Tii/Ni)/(k - 1), where Tii is an unbiased measure of the excess of the ith homozygote and Ni the number of the ith allele in the sample ...