BACKGROUND The incidence of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has increased since introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). While HIV-related HL is highly associated with EBV, the causes underlying the rising incidence remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of immune reconstitution on HL incidence among a cohort of HIV-infected male veterans ever receiving cART. ME...

INTRODUCTION A third of Americans have low health literacy (HL). Research indicates a significant knowledge and skills gap among residents pertaining to management of patients with low HL. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to assess the teaching and evaluation methods around HL in community-based internal medicine residency programs. In addition, the study compared the teaching and e...

Promyelocytic leukemia (PML) is a cell-growth suppressor, and PML-retinoic acid receptor α (PML-RARα) is known as a fusion gene of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Studies have reported that neutrophil elastase(NE) cleaved bcr-1-derived PML-RARα in early myeloid cells leading to the removal of nuclear localization signal (NLS) from PML. The resultant PML without NLS named PML(NLS(-)). PML(NL...

Hepatic lipase (HL), a liver-expressed lipolytic enzyme, hydrolyzes triglycerides and phospholipids in lipoproteins and promotes cholesterol delivery through receptor-mediated whole particle and selective cholesterol uptake. HL activity also occurs in the adrenal glands, which utilize lipoprotein cholesterol to synthesize glucocorticoids in response to pituitary ACTH. It is likely that the role...

The bond strength of composite resins (CRs) to dentin is influenced by the interfacial microstructure of the hybrid layer (HL) and the resin tags (TAG). The contemporary self-etching primer adhesive systems overcame the inconvenient of the etch-and-rinse protocol. Studies, however, have demonstrated that HL thickness and TAG length vary according to the wetting time and additional use of acid-e...

The article is devoted to the definition consideration of educational needs persons with health limitations (hereinafter – HL) and disabled in tertiary education system; aspects which these are expressed. highlights adaptation possibilities people system, as well specifics organization goals an institution for teaching HL. authors identify barriers social relations faced by students HL, their t...

histoid leprosy (hl) is a rare variant of lepromatous leprosy, occurring in long-standing cases, mostly in a background of acquired drug resistance. patients usually present with sudden onset multiple nodules and plaques, most often involving the skin and subcutaneous tissue of trunk and lower limbs. here we report an unusual case of de novo (without any history of prior anti-leprotic therapy) ...

OBJECTIVES Health information is an important resource for patients to understand and engage in the management of their health conditions. We discuss the role of health literacy (HL) in improving patient participation and propose future research in this field. METHODS Literature searches were conducted to review existing definitions and measures of HL and identify empirical findings of its im...