Science communication has been central to our understanding of Modern Europe, and it also plays an important role in other parts the world. The aim this article is present key narratives—histories—about development science Europe beyond. Surveying contributions, identifies two main narratives about Europe: one widening gaps between public (informational, epistemological, moral gaps) building br...

We describe some properties of consistent sets of histories in the Gell-Mann–Hartle formalism, and give an example to illustrate that one cannot recover the standard predictions, retrodictions and inferences of quasiclassical physics using the criterion of consistency alone. PACS numbers: 03.65.Bz

⋆ When probability theory is applied to a sequence of events in time, the sample space consists of what we shall call histories. For example, if a coin is tossed twice in a row, the four histories HH, HT , TH, and TT , where HT stands for “heads on the first toss and tails on the second,” represent mutually exclusive possibilities, one and only one of which will occur in a single experimental r...

The first section of this issue brings together four essays on “surfaces” – a subject matter which might seem conspicuous or, indeed, palpable enough. Just think of the sheets of paper, window panes, and haptic interfaces surrounding you: the world, evidently, is diffused with surfaces, membranes, and boundaries of all sorts. Some of these things have been salient, for obvious reasons in fields...

Given a species tree and a gene tree, a valid coalescent history is a list of the branches of the species tree on which coalescences in the gene tree take place. I develop a recursion for the number of valid coalescent histories that exist for an arbitrary gene tree/species tree pair, when one gene lineage is studied per species. The result is obtained by defining a concept of m-extended coales...

When philosophers look to the history of biology, they most often ask about what happened, and how best to describe it. They ask, for instance, whether molecular genetics subsumed the Mendelian genetics preceding it, or whether these two sciences have maintained rather messier relations. Here I wish to pose a question as much about what did not happen as what did. My concern is with the strengt...

Graphical interfaces typically provide their users with little idea of a session’s history, except insofar as it is reflected in the current state of the system. If undo and redo commands are provided, they are often the only way to review the actions performed, cycling through them in sequence. We introduce the notion of an editable graphical history that can allow the user to review and modif...

We consider a number of proposals for the entropy of sets of classical coarse-grained histories based on the procedures of Jaynes, and we prove a series of inequalities relating these measures. We then examine these as a function of the coarse-graining for various classical systems, and show explicitly that the entropy is minimized by the finest-grained description of a set of histories. We pro...