OBJECTIVE We examine differences in prevalence of diabetes and rates of awareness and control among adults from diverse Hispanic/Latino backgrounds in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The HCHS/SOL, a prospective, multicenter, population-based study, enrolled from four U.S. metropolitan areas from 2008 to 2011 16,415 18-74-year-old pe...

Cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, is widely used to distinguish smokers from nonsmokers in epidemiologic studies and smoking-cessation clinical trials. As the magnitude of secondhand smoke exposure declines because of proportionally fewer smokers and more clean-indoor-air regulations, the optimal cotinine cutpoint with which to distinguish smokers from nonsmokers is expected to change. The au...

Underserved Hispanic patients are particularly vulnerable to problems associated with controlling diabetes. Hispanics not only are more susceptible to developing diabetes, but also have higher A1C values (1) and more severe diabetesrelated complications. Hispanic Americans are 2.6 times more likely to start treatment for diabetesrelated end-stage renal disease and have a 50% higher mortality ra...

Background The Older Americans Act (OAA) requires that nutrition programs provide meals and related nutrition services that promote health and help manage chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to compare health status, food security, functional limitations, and chronic diseases of older adults who received or did not receive OAA meals using data from a representative sample of US adul...

OBJECTIVE The Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT) cohort is enriched with approximately 20% Hispanics and 20% African Americans, affording a unique opportunity to study ethnic differences in retinopathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Cross-sectional analyses on the baseline seven-field stereo fundus photos of 1,283 patients are reported here. Diabetic retinopathy scores are grouped into four...

OBJECTIVE Examine disparities in vocational rehabilitation (VR) services for Hispanic clients with traumatic brain injury. DESIGN Logistic regression analysis of secondary data. PARTICIPANTS Five thousand eight hundred thirty-one European American and Hispanic clients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Type of services and employment status. RESULTS European Americans were 1.27 times more likely to...

The prevalence of high blood pressure in the United States is a public health concern. This study uses the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994) and linear regression to document variations in pulse pressure by race/ethnicity and sex in the United States. We find higher pulse pressures among racial and ethnic minorities than among non-Hispanic Whites and among males...

historically, the majority of immigrants to the united states came from european countries. the 1965 immigration reform act (ira) fundamentally changed the configuration of immigrants to the united states. the largest immigrant communities now consist of latin americans, asians, and africans. another important development in immigrant communities in the past few decades has been the growth of a...

BACKGROUND Declines in blood lead levels between 1976 and 1991 among US adults have been previously reported. More recent trends in blood lead levels and the association of lower blood lead levels with chronic disease have not been reported. METHODS Data from 2 nationally representative cross-sectional surveys, the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 1988-1994 ...

We investigate levels of generalized distrust of men among low-income African American, Mexican, Puerto Rican, Dominican, and non-Hispanic white women in a three-city survey. The results reveal substantial variation. We find Hispanics' overall levels of distrust to be higher than levels for either African Americans or whites. Among Hispanics, however, Dominicans are the most distrusting group f...