In this article, we suggested a novel design of polarization splitter based on coupler waveguide on InP substrate at 1.55mm wavelength. Photonic crystal structure is consisted of two dimensional (2D) air holes embedded in InP/InGaAsP material with an effective refractive index of 3.2634 which is arranged in a hexagonal lattice. The photonic band gap (PBG) of this structure is determined using t...

The study investigates the unit cell structure of inverted hexagonal (H(II)) mesophase composed of monoolein (1-monoolein, GMO) and water using atomistic molecular dynamics methods without imposing any restraints on lipid and water molecules. Statistically meaningful and very contrast images of the radial mass density distribution, scrutinizing also the separate components water, monoolein, the...

The ultrastructure of the lumenal plasma membrane of the cow urianry bladder has been studied in thin sections of glutaraldehyde- and glutaraldehyde-H2O2-fixed specimens, by negative staining and freeze fracture. A regular hexagonal array of particles confined to polygonal plaques 0-1-0-4-mum in diameter and separated by 0-02-mum interplaque areas is revealed by all 3 techniques. Cross-sections...

The hexagonal structure for ‘the geometry of logical opposition’, as coming from Aristoteles–Apuleius square and Sesmat–Blanché hexagon, is presented here in connection with, on the one hand, geometrical ideas on duality on triangles (construction of ‘companion’), and on the other hand, constructions of tripartitions, emphasizing that these are exactly cases of borromean objects. Then a new cas...

X-ray reflectivity (XR) and diffraction at grazing angles of incidence (GID) were conducted to determine the structure of synthetic D-erythro C18-ceramide films at the air-water interface at various surface pressures (pi). Analysis of the GID reveals that the monomolecular film, at the crystalline phase (pi > 0 mN/m), is predominantly hexagonal. In this crystalline phase, the analysis of the re...

From our daily life we are familiar with hexagonal ice, but at very low temperature ice can exist in a different structure--that of cubic ice. Seeking to unravel the enigmatic relationship between these two low-pressure phases, we examined their formation on a Pt(111) substrate at low temperatures with scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy. After completion of the one-molecu...

The hexagonal lattice was proposed as an alternative method for image sampling. The hexagonal sampling has certain advantages over the conventionally used square sampling. Hence, the hexagonal lattice has been used in many areas. A hexagonal lattice allows √ 3, dyadic and √ 7 refinements, which makes it possible to use the multiresolution (multiscale) analysis method to process hexagonally samp...

The lateral packing of a collagen-like molecule, CHJO(Gly-L-Pro-L-Pro),NHCH,, has been examined by energy minimization with the ECEPPN force jield. Two current packing models, the Smith collagen microjibril twisted equilateral pentagonal model and the quasi-hexagonal packing model, have been extensively investigated. In treating the Smith microjibril model, energy minimization was carried out o...

C₆₀ nanorods with hexagonal cross sections are grown using a static liquid-liquid interfacial precipitation method in a system of C₆₀/m-dichlorobenzene solution and ethanol. Adding water to the ethanol phase leads instead to C₆₀ tubes where both length and diameter of the C₆₀ tubes can be controlled by the water content in the ethanol. Based on our observations we find that the diameter of the ...

A hexagonal liquid crystal of DNA fragments (double-stranded, 150 basepairs) with tetramethylammonium (TMA) counterions was investigated with small angle neutron scattering (SANS). We obtained the structure factors pertaining to the DNA and counterion density correlations with contrast matching in the water. Molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulation of a hexagonal assembly of nine DNA molecul...