Higher plants; Crop plants; Chaperones; Heat-shock proteins; Transcription factors; Stress; Heat stress; Heat tolerance Abstract Plants as sessile organisms are exposed to persistently changing stress factors. The primary stresses such as drought, salinity, cold and hot temperatures and chemicals are interconnected in their effects on plants. These factors cause damage to the plant cell and lea...

The discovery and development of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) inhibitors is currently a hot topic in cancer. In the preceding paper in this issue ( 10.1021/jm401551n ), we have described structure-activity relationship studies in the first Hsp70 inhibitor class rationally designed to bind to a novel allosteric pocket located in the N-terminal domain of the protein. These ligands contained an a...

We examined the effect of heat shock on protein tyrosine phosphorylation in cultured animal cells using antiphosphotyrosine antibodies in immunoblotting and immunofluorescence microscopy experiments. Heat shock significantly elevated the level of phosphotyrosine in proteins in most of the cultured cells examined, including fibroblasts, epithelial cells, nerve cells, and muscle cells, but not in...

Cells exposed to several forms of stress, such as heat shock, transiently synthesize a group of proteins called heat shock proteins (hsps). Although many stressors other than heat shock are known to induce hsps, inhibitors of hsp expression have never been reported. Here we show that quercetin and several other flavonoids inhibit the synthesis of hsps induced by heat shock in two human cell lin...

Heat shock and other proteotoxic stresses cause accumulation of nonnative proteins that trigger activation of heat shock protein (Hsp) genes. A chaperone/Hsp functioning as repressor of heat shock transcription factor (HSF) could make activation of hsp genes dependent on protein unfolding. In a novel in vitro system, in which human HSF1 can be activated by nonnative protein, heat, and geldanamy...

How small heat shock proteins (sHsps) might empower proteostasis networks to control beneficial prions or disassemble pathological amyloid is unknown. Here, we establish that yeast sHsps, Hsp26 and Hsp42, inhibit prionogenesis by the [PSI+] prion protein, Sup35, via distinct and synergistic mechanisms. Hsp42 prevents conformational rearrangements within molten oligomers that enable de novo prio...

The enhanced expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) can be detected in response to high temperatures, as well as to many kinds of stressors, including pollutants. Partial cDNA sequences encoding HSP30, HSP70, HSP90 beta, and heat shock cognate (HSC) 70, and full-length cDNA sequences encoding HSP27, HSP47 and HSP60 were cloned from goldfish (Carassius auratus). The expression of these genes w...

Skeletal muscle may develop adaptive chaperone and enhancementdefense system through daily exercisestimulation. The present study investigated resistance and exhaustion training alters the expression of chaperoneproteins. These proteins function to maintain homeostasis, facilitate repair from injury and provide protection. Exercise-induced production of HSPs in skeletal muscle and peripheral le...

Skeletal muscle may develop adaptive chaperone and enhancementdefense system through daily exercisestimulation. The present study investigated resistance and exhaustion training alters the expression of chaperoneproteins. These proteins function to maintain homeostasis, facilitate repair from injury and provide protection. Exercise-induced production of HSPs in skeletal muscle and peripheral le...